الفهرس 
NTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In this work a novel modified biomass (GNS) has successfully been utilized as a new solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the separation and preconcentration of cadmium, lead and copper ions in various water samples prior to their determination with FAAS. During this work two modified GNS were prepared through treatment with simple, safe and cheap materials like sodium carbonate and other via esterification with tartaric acid under conditions were employed to enhancement their adsorptive capacity for metal ions. Experimental conditions for effective separation and preconcentration of the studied metal ions were optimized with respect to different experimental parameters in batch and column processes. The two modified groundnut shells sorbent (SC-GNS and TA-GNS) were characterized by FT-IR, SEM and TGA analysis.
The batch procedure shows the maximum extraction percentage on the GNS modified with sodium carbonate (SC-GNS) are 100, 98 and 96% for Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ions, respectively, at the optimal conditions pH 4-6 and 30 min shaking time, whereas the maximum extraction percentage on the GNS modified with tartaric acid(TA-GNS) are 90, 95 and 94% for Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ions, respectively, at the optimal conditions pH 6 and 60 min shaking time.