الفهرس 
Pulmonary TuberculosisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in the greatest number of deaths due to any one single infectious agent. Drug resistance threatens global tuberculosis control efforts.
This study included 107 patients admitted at Abbassia Chest Hospital; during the period from January 2009 to January 2012. The patients were resistant to at least Rifampicin and INH.
In this study, 72.9% of the patients were males and 27.1% were females. The mean of age was 37.1 years. The special habits detected among the studied cases were tobacco smoking, drug addiction and alcohol intake. According to type of resistance, acquired resistance was 95.3% and primary resistance was 4.7%. The most common co-morbidities associated with MDR-TB in the studied cases were diabetes (29.9%) and chronic obstructive lung disease (11.2%).
In the studied cases, side effects of drugs were; 57% GIT manifestations, 53.3% Peripheral Neuritis, Hypokalemia 26.2%, Irritable Bowel Syndrome 22.4%, Ototoxicity 17.8%, Skin reaction 10.3%, Hypothyroidism 10.3%, Hepatotoxicity 9.3%, Hypoalbunemia 5.6%, Depression 3.7%, Arthritis 0.9%, Gynecomastia 2.8%, Hyponatremia 5.6%, Hypomagnesaemia 1.9%, Dizziness 0.9%, Nephrotoxicity 3.7%. Most of the drugs side effects started to appear within the first 3 months of treatment. The frequency of nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and hypoalbunemia were significantly higher in diabetic than in non-diabetic cases.
Elevations of liver enzymes began from the 3rd month after treatment and these elevations became statistically significant beginning from the 6th month. Also, elevations of Creatinine levels began from the 3rd month after treatment and became statistically significant beginning from the 6th month, while there were no significant changes in potassium levels among the studied cases all through the follow up period. It was noticed that highly significant gain of body weight started from the 3rd month after treatment
92.5% of the studied cases were cured, 6.5% died and 0.9% was defaulter. The predictors of patients’ outcome were sputum conversion, number of previous TB treatment and associated co-morbidities.