الفهرس 
AnatomyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The hip and groin region sports injuries had been noted in 5% to 9% of athletes. These injuries occur most commonly in athletes participating in sports involving many causes like side-to-side cutting, quick accelerations and decelerations, and sudden directional changes. Symptoms may range from intermittent episodes of mild discomfort to severe and chronic career -ending pain (164, 165).
The differential diagnosis of pain around the hip and groin is broad and includes a) soft tissue injuries {e.g. muscle strain e.g. adductor muscle strain and ligament tear e.g. ligamentum teres} b) bone pathology {e.g. avulsion fracture of the pelvis are more common in patients who are skeletally immature. Such injuries can occur at essentially every major muscle attachment and are commonly the result of a violent muscle contraction. The single most common site of avulsion is the ischial tuberosity (origin of hamstrings and hamstring portion of adductor magnus). Other sites of commonly seen avulsion injury include the anterior superior iliac spine (sartorius), anterior inferior iliac spine (rectus femoris), one of the major cause of hip pain. In the athlete is femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) , FAI characterized by reduced range of motion and decreased performance which characterized by abutment of the femoral neck and the acetabulum and finally stress fracture e.g. stress fracture of the neck femur and hip arthritis}[31].
A careful history and physical examination in combination with appropriate imaging (x-ray, Ultrasound, CT and MRI and MRA) and diagnostic or therapeutic injections generally leads to the correct diagnosis and appropriate therapy. The electromyography can easily diagnose the nerve entrapment.
Treatment is targeting to improving flexibility of the hips (especially in rotation), which is vital, as is correcting any limitation of movement in the sacroiliac or lumbosacral joints (which promotes excess movement at the symphysis). Treatment includes different modalities ranging from conservative medical, surgical interventions and arthroscopic treatment.
Every treatment option should be followed by physiotherapy and rehabilitation program which aims to:
1.Restoration of a normal range of movement for that particular individual [132].
2.Restoration of efficient and effective movement patterns throughout full range of movement. This will include correcting and preventing movement dysfunction and regaining joint stability [132].
3.Education, reassurance, advice and problem solving [133].
4.Improving general fitness [