الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract It has been recognized that COPD involves several extra pulmonary features, indicating that it is a systemic disease, and that one of the major systemic features is osteoporosis, which is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by microarchitectural reduction of bone tissue leading to a low bone mass, increased bone fragility and thereby increased fracture risk. Although osteoporosis is derived from multiple causes such as, age, smoking, malnutrition, and steroid treatment, a systemic effect of COPD may contribute directly to the occurrence of osteoporosis. Osteopenia is defined as a BMD between 1 and 2.5 SDs below the mean for young adults of the same sex, while osteoporosis is defined as a BMD of > 2.5 SDs below the mean for young adults of the same sex. Different methods of BMD measurements can be used. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is currently the most frequently used and is accurate, reproducible and involves very low doses of radiation. The aim of this study was to shed light on the osteoporosis as a systemic effect of COPD and its prevalence in different COPD degrees. This study was conducted on 30 COPD patients and 10 healthy subjects as a control group; they were selected from Al- Mahalla chest hospital from April 2012 to March 2013. Age of COPD group ranged from 49 to 67 years, they were all males; while age of the control group ranged from 50 to 63 years, they were all males also. All subjects were subjected to; detailed clinical history, thorough clinical examination, plain chest-X-ray postero-anterior and lateral views, pulmonary function tests (spirometry), blood sample for complete blood picture, ESR, serum calcium, serum phosphates, and measurement of bone density by using DEXA. The results of this study revealed; Prevalence of osteoporosis in COPD group was higher than in the control group and reached 30%, while osteopenia reached 50%. Prevalence of osteoporosis increased with the increase of the severity of COPD. |