الفهرس 
Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
SUMMARY
This work aims to study apoptosis physiologically and molecularly in acute leukemia. The treatment strategy aims to destroy cancer cells by activating their apoptotic signaling pathways, ideally to induce selective apoptosis cell death on cancer cells, and exert no harmful effects on normal cells. Apoptotic form of cell death is occasionally alter in cancer cells. The goal of this project was to understanding of apoptosis unfolds a gate to tumor specific apoptosis therapy to lead to anti-tumor effect of chemotherapy drugs as Cytarabine (Ara-C) plus Daunorubicin for AML and Oncovin plus decadrone for ALL as inhibitors of leukemic cells expressing the oncogene, which causes AL.
In this study, the results of acute leukemic patients showed high accumulations of WBCs count, anemia, low platelets count and very highly significant of LDH activity.
After chemotherapy treatment for AL, The results obtained declared that the amount of the concentration of chemotherapy drug dose had clear effects on hematological parameters, which showed moderate effects on (RBCs count, hemoglobin and hematocrit), but showed harmful effects on (WBCs count and platelets count). In addition, it showed high significant decreasing in LDH activity. There is significant difference between the levels of WBCs for each group of day 4 and day14
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The present study at acute leukemia diagnosis by using the following monoclonal fluorochrome-conjugated antibody combinations: CD45/ CD19/ CDHLA-DR/ CD10; any aberrant myeloid (CD14/ CD13) to differentiate between AML and ALL. For chemotherapy follow up we use CD45/ CD19/ CDHLA-DR/ CD14 for AML and use CD19 and CD10 for ALL to detection the effect on outcome of therapy in these patients. Acute leukemia patients, the value of cluster differentiation (CD) markers at different time points day4, and day14 were evaluated against other biological parameters such as, the TLC and DNA damage. The present study, even with small cohort of AML patients, we were able to show the impact of detection of highly significant of CD19 at day4 as well as day14 post-induction. Significant association between. While CD 45 and CD14 at day4 as well as day14 post-induction was insignificant and that with HLA- DR antibodies showed high significance. In the current study, we evaluated the CD19 and CD10 level at day4 and day14. We found out that, there was statistically highly significant association between two time points. A high significant of CD10 was demonstrated between day4 and day14 day4 post induction.
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White blood cell count (WBC) is generally accepted as a prognostic risk factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) outcome and displays a marked inter individual variation. The dose regimen currently used ignores the size of the tumor burden and the standardization of the dose is generally based on body surface area. In this study, we have investigated the effect of cell density on the cytotoxic activity of daunorubicin (DNR) and cytosine arabinoside (AraC) towards patients with AML.
At 14th day of duration, chemotherapy began to gain its goal, where DNA damage is increased in cases more than at 4th day. Unfortunately, one of the cases has no DNA damage. In addition, treatment must reduce both DNA to say that the body goes to recovery. However, if treatment causes reduction in one of them only the body may go to a stabilization state not to recover nor to dye which means a state of waiting.
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a normal component of the development and health of multicellular organism. Cells die in response to a variety of stimuli and during apoptosis; they do so in a controlled, regulated fashion.
At the second test (14day of duration of chemotherapy cycles), three cases, showed high damage which is increased. Case no. (1) which,
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received treatment for a long term of treatment. It has no damage in genomic DNA.
Two cases, at the second test, showed moderate damage and three Case, at the second test, showed slightly DNA Damage. However, the present research showed that two important factors in decreasing the toxicity and increasing the efficacy of AL treatment (apoptosis) are the amount of the concentration of drug dose. The sixty percent of the AML cases showed high DNA damage. While, the ninety percent cases with ALL showed also high DNA damage. AML cases showed no response to the treatment or have a bad response, while, ALL showed a good response and easily recovered.