الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the role of poultry in transmission of E. coli to man in some rural areas in Behera governorate. A total of (1528) samples were collected from Broiler (908), Ducks (253) and Back yard chicken (117) and (250) human from some rural areas of Kom Hamada and El Delengate centers. All samples were cultivated on Macconkey and EMB agar medium to obtain the characteristic colonies of the bacteria; Then E. coli were confirmed using traditional methods. 100 randomly selected samples examined using VCA to detect STEC, Serogrouped and further examination by mPCR to detect stx1, stx2, eae, St and Lt. It was found that the occurrence of E. coli in examined samples in Broiler, Ducks and Back yard chickens were (43.6%), (57.7%) and (53%) by using traditional methods. Significant difference were recorded in Broiler and Ducks only between apperrently healthy and diseased. No significant difference were recorded in relation to locality in different species.System of breeding expressed a significant difference in Broiler only. significant difference in relation to season were recorded in Ducks and Back yard chicken only. In addition, occurrence of E. coli infection in human in examined samples by conventional methods were 7.2%. Health status expressed a significant difference, no significant difference were recorded between both sex or different age groups. In addition, The infection rate were higher in contact than non contact persons. Locality showed no significant difference in infection rate. Results of VCA were Broilers (32%), Ducks (31.6%), Back yard chicken (30.8% ) and human (22.2%). Serogouping of isolated E. coli revealed that O119 (2&0), O126 (2&1), O78 (7&1), O111 (6&1), O2 (24&6), O26 (4&1), O1 (5&0), O128 (13&3), O114 (9&2) and O125 (10&3) in poultry and human, respectively. The use of mPCR with specific primers for stx1, stx2 , eae, Lt and St genes revealed the presence or absence of these genes in the tested isolates. Antibiotic Sensitivity for poultry and human E. coli isolates for different antibacterial agents the results showed that multiple drug resistance to many antibacterial agent. This provides a further evidence for potential public and veterinary health hazards.