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Abstract xii Abstract The thesis aims to prepare new metal complexes mixed ligands for fluoroquinolones family. We make a study of two types of fluoroquinolones (Moxifloxacin and Pefloxacin) and their interaction with heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atom such as (Imidazole and Benzimidazole) and then synthesis metal complexes to it. The metal complexes prepared and diagnosis for (Moxifloxacin - Imidazole), (Moxifloxacin - Benzimidazole), (Pefloxacin - Imidazole) and (Pefloxacin - Benzimidazole) with some transition metals. After that, identify the geometry structures for resultant complexes which formed from the interaction of mixed ligand with some transition metals such as chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and silver. It is by conducting numerous studies of spectral and thermal analysis as well as studies of the biological activity of these complexes. The thesis is divided into three chapters: Chapter I: Introduction which includes published researches about the importance of fluoroquinolones in general over the past ten years past, and even in 2013, and their use in many medical and therapeutic fields as well as general methods to prepare some fluoroquinolone complexes where theoretical and biological studies were explained. Also the behaviors of these derivatives with many ions of transition metals, geometrical structural and modern diverse applications were studied. Chapter II : The practical part which contains the preparing methods of new metallic mixed ligand complexes of both (Moxifloxacin with Imidazole), (Moxifloxacin with Benzimidazole), (Pefloxacin with Imidazole) and (Pefloxacin with Benzimidazole) by their interaction with chlorides of some transition metals such as chromium , manganese, cobalt, nickel , copper, zinc and silver in the form of nitrate . - The metal complexes such as [M (MOX) (HIm) ClX]. nH2O, [M (MOX) (Ben) ClX]. nH2O, [M (PEF) (HIm) ClX]. nH2O, [M (PEF) (Ben) ClX]. nH2O , where MOX = Moxifloxacin, PEF = Pefloxacin, HIm = Imidazole, Ben = Benzimidazole, M= Cr (III), Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Ag (I). xiii - These complexes prepared and characterized by using microanalysis of the elements and modern spectral devices such as; Infrared spectrophotometer, Conductivity measurements, Ultraviolet, Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, Electron spin resonance for copper complexes, Magnetic Susceptibility, Nuclear magnetic resonance (H1 and C13) for some complexes and Thermal analysis measurements of the mixed ligand complexes, in addition to biological studies against two types of bacteria (Escherichia coli, S. aureus) and two types of fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans). Chapter III: Results and discussions where this chapter contains the results are arranged in tables and illustrations of the results of the spectral and thermal analyses. The propose chemical structure of these new complexes on the basis of the results of Infrared spectrophotometer, Conductivity measurements, Ultraviolet, Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, Electron spin resonance for copper complexes, Magnetic Susceptibility, Nuclear magnetic resonance (H1 and C13) for some complexes and then the activation energy (:Ea*), the entropy of activation (:S*), the change in enthalpy (:H*) and the order of reaction are derived from differential thermal analysis curves by using Horowitz-Metzeger method, this chapter is divided into two parts : Part I: include the new complexes of chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and silver metal ions with mixed ligand for each of (Moxifloxacin with Imidazole) and (Moxifloxacin with Benzimidazole), after that, the chemical structures of these new complexes were proven by using the derived results from all the previous measurements. The results showed the following: - The chromium , manganese, cobalt , nickel, copper, zinc and silver complexes were separated during the interaction by 1: 1:1 molar ratio for each of the metal ions with one molecule of Moxifloxacin and one molecule of Imidazole and visualizing for binding Moxifloxacin with metal ions where Moxifloxacin act as a bidentate ligand via oxygen atom for pyridone ring and one of the oxygen atoms of the carboxylate group except for silver (I) complex where only the coordination of the N- atom of the piperidyl ring, On the other hand, Imidazole molecule connected with metal ions through nitrogen atom in the Azo-methene group complement hexagonal or tetragonal with molecules of chlorine or water. The chemical formulas of the new complexes are as follows: xiv [Cr(MOX)(HIm)Cl2(H2O)], [Mn(MOX)(HIm)Cl].2H2O, [Co(MOX)(HIm)Cl].H2O, [Ni(MOX)(HIm)Cl].H2O, [Cu(MOX)(HIm)Cl(H2O)]2.2H2O, [Zn(MOX)(HIm)Cl(H2O)2], [Ag(MOX)(HIm)].2.5H2O - Also, the chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and silver complexes were separated during the interaction by 1: 1:1 molar ratio for each of the metal ions with one molecule of Moxifloxacin and one molecule of Benzimidazole. The chemical formulas of the new complexes are as follows: [Cr(MOX)(Ben)Cl2(H2O)], [Mn(MOX)(Ben)Cl].H2O, [Co(MOX) (Ben)Cl]. 1.5H2O, [Ni(MOX) (Ben)Cl].2H2O, [Cu(MOX)(Ben)Cl(H2O)2].0.5H2O, [Zn(MOX)(Ben)Cl(H2O)2].H2O, [Ag(MOX)(Ben)].3.5H2O Part II: include the new complexes of chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and silver metal ions with mixed ligand for each of (Pefloxacin with Imidazole) and (Pefloxacin with Benzimidazole). This part also includes the results which are arranged in tables and illustrations of the results of the spectral and thermal analyses. And then, the chemical structures of these new complexes were proven by using the derived results from all the previous measurements. The results showed the following: - The chromium , manganese, cobalt , nickel, copper, zinc and silver complexes were separated during the interaction by 1: 1:1 molar ratio for each of the metal ions with one molecule of Pefloxacin and one molecule of Imidazole and visualizing for binding Pefloxacin with metal ions where Pefloxacin act as a bidentate ligand via oxygen atom for pyridone ring and one of the oxygen atoms of the carboxylate group except for silver (I) complex where only the coordination of the N- atom of the piperidyl ring, On the other hand, Imidazole molecule connected with metal ions through nitrogen atom in the Azo-methene group complement hexagonal or tetragonal with molecules of chlorine or water. The chemical formulas of the new complexes are as follows: [Cr(PEF)(HIm)Cl2(H2O)], [Mn(PEF)(HIm)Cl], [Co(PEF)(HIm)Cl(H2O)2], [Ni(PEF)(HIm)Cl].H2O, [Cu(PEF)(HIm)Cl].2.5H2O, [Zn(PEF)(HIm)Cl(H2O)2], [Ag(PEF)(HIm)].2H2O xv - Also, the chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and silver complexes were separated during the interaction by 1: 1:1 molar ratio for each of the metal ions with one molecule of Pefloxacin and one molecule of Benzimidazole. The chemical formulas of the new complexes are as follows: [Cr(PEF)(Ben)Cl2(H2O)].H2O, [Mn(PEF)(Ben)Cl(H2O)2], [Co(PEF)(Ben)Cl(H2O)2].H2O, [Ni(PEF)(Ben)Cl], [Cu(PEF)(Ben)Cl].0.75H2O, [Zn(PEF)(Ben)Cl(H2O)2].0.25H2O, [Ag(PEF)(Ben)].H2O -The new prepared complexes were evaluated In terms of the bacterial activity against two types of bacteria which are Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (S. Aureus) and in terms of screening activity against two types of fungi, namely (Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans). -It was found that mixed ligand complexes under investigation have antibacterial agents better than organic compounds (Moxifloxacin and Pefloxacin) alone and its activity against fungi also improved, this proved by using the penetrating cell walls theory. The comparison between the new prepared complexes in terms of biological activity showed that the biological activity depends on the structure of compound and the type branching group from it. |