الفهرس 
The cornaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Several methods have been employed to correct the pre-existing astigmatism including ; corneal or limbal relaxing incision, Changing the
size and site of incision, applying opposite clear corneal
incision(OCCI)on steep axis, toric IOL and (LASIk).
In this study, 30eyes of 30 patients with immature senile cataract
ranging from grad 1to grad 3 were divided into two groups .One of these
groups was operated by applying opposite clear corneal incisions on steep
axis (group A, OCCIs) while the other group was operated by applying
one incision on the steepest axis (group B, CCI) and the surgical protocol
was the same for all patients within each group.
The steepest axis of corneal astigmatism was determined
preoperatively by making corneal topography to all patients by pentacam.
The eyes were followed up at 2nd, 4thand 8th week postoperative.
The data collected were statistically analyzed at the end of the follow up
period.
The results of this study showed that there is no a statistically
significant difference of the preoperative and the intraoperative
parameters between the two groups.
The results of this study showed also that there are improved in
postoperative visual outcome and refraction of the patients in two groups.
By comparison between the mean values of BCVA in each group
preoperatively and at postoperative 2nd week ,4th week,8th week
respectively indicate to that there is a statistically significant difference
between these values.
The change in the values of the surgically induced astigmatism
between the two groups among the postoperative period was also a
highly statistically significant difference. In the change of SIA in case of
group A was more significant than in case of group B. This was enough
to cause a significant difference in postoperative visual acuity and in
postoperative cylinder prescription.
However, In our study we faced some operative complications like
,weakening of glob ,misalignment/axis shift, wound gape and discomfort
and operating upon the wrong axis and we excluded this cases .
We reported that paired OCCI on the steep axis is technically easy
without need for additional equipment. Paired opposite clear corneal
incisions on the steep axis are useful for correcting mild to moderate preexisting
astigmatism more than the single clear corneal incision during
cataract surgery. Employing this technique during routine
phacoemulsification using a 3.2 mm incision does not require additional
instruments and therefore can be performed without altering the surgical
setting.