الفهرس 
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Abstract
Profitability is a principle goal of any enterprise. To increase
profitability of beef production farms we should optimize production
efficiency and marketing time. One way of increasing production efficiency
is to take initial weight into consideration because initial weight is one of the
important factors affecting feedlot cattle performance and profitability.
Data for the present study were obtained from 852 beef records of
Balady breed cattle (Native breed), Crossbred cattle (balady× Friesian) and
buffaloes during the period from 2010 to 2012 on random sample of beef
production sectors and localities.
Data were collected from accurate records which were available in
beef production farms and structured questionnaire method during field
survey and the collected data arranged, summarized and then analyzed
statistically using the computer programs SPSS/PC+ ”version 16” (SPSS,
2004). The collected data were introduced on the computer firstly introduced
to Microsoft office excel and then through SPSS/PC+ program by the
researcher. All the productive and managerial parameters affecting the beef
production as well as their costs and returns were calculated and statistically
analyzed for each animal according to fixed factors (types of fattening
animals, locality and season).
The current results are summarized as the following:-
The main factors affecting beef production and profitability of beef
production farms were feeding types and costs, veterinary management and
its costs, fattening period, price of fattening animal, as well as other fixed
and variable costs. I. Effect of types of fattening animals among different localities on
variable resources affecting beef production:
A-The value feed costs, total veterinary management cost, fattening
period, weight gain, animal sale, total return, total costs and net return
which differed significantly at among fattening animals of
different localities on beef cattle.
1. The higher value of feed cost was found in crossbred cattle in
Menofyia (4558.88 LE per cycle) while lower value of feed cost was
found in balady breed cattle in Giza (2823.62 LE per cycle).
2. The higher value of total veterinary management cost was found
inbuffaloes in Kaliobyia (92.29LE per cycle) while lower value of total
veterinary management cost was found in balady breed cattle in Giza
(73.97 LE per cycle).
3. The longest fattening period for animal was found in crossbred
cattle in Menofyia (269.62 day) while lowest fattening period for
animal was found in Balady breed cattle in Giza (206.94 day).
4. The highest absolute weight gain for animal was found in crossbred
cattle in Giza (262.11Kg per cycle) while lowest absolute weight gain
for animal was found in balady breed cattle in Kaliobyia (178.93 Kg
per cycle).
5. The highest value for animal sale price was found in crossbred cattle
in Kaliobyia (12054.16 LE) while lowest value for animal sale was
found in buffaloes in Giza (9203.97 LE).
6. The highest value for total return was found in crossbred cattle in
Menofyia (12079.66 LE) while the lowest value for total return was
found in buffaloes in Giza (9244.00 LE). 7. The highest value for total costs was found in crossbred cattle in
Menofyia (11055.58LE) while the lowest value for total costs was
found in buffaloes in Giza (8022.20 LE).
8.The highest value for net return was found in crossbred cattle in
Kaliobyia (2171.16LE) while lowest value for net return was found in
balady breed cattle in Menofyia (490.20 LE).
B-The collective and partial measures differed significantly at
among types of fattening animals among different localities
on beef cattle.
1. The highest percentage for net return/total costs was found in
crossbred cattle in Kaliobyia (21.35 %) while the lowest percentage for
net return/total costs was found in balady breed cattle in Menofyia
(5.50 %).
2. The highest percentage for total return/total cost was found in
crossbred cattle in Kaliobyia (121.35%) while lowest percentage for
total return/total cost was found in balady breed cattle in Menofyia
(105.50 %).
3. The highest value for costs of kilogram beef from total veterinary
management costs was found in balady breed cattle in Kaliobyia
(22.30Piaster) while the lowest value for cost of kilogram beef from
total veterinary management costs was found crossbred cattle in
Menofyia (14.45Piaster).
II.Season and types of fattening animals effect on variable resources
affecting beef production:
A-The value feed costs, total veterinary management cost, fattening
period, weight gain, animal sale, total return , total costs and net return. whichdiffered significantly at (P<0.05) among types of fattening
animals of different seasons on beef cattle.
1. The higher value of feed cost was found in buffaloes in summer
(4057.113 LE per cycle) while lower value of feed cost was found in
balady breed cattle in summer (2940.80 LE per cycle).
2. The higher value of total veterinary management was found in
crossbred in winter (85.96 LE per cycle) while lower value of total
veterinary management was found in balady breed cattle in winter
(80.31 LE per cycle).
3. The length of fattening period for fattening animal was higher in
crossbred cattle in winter (271.39 day) while lower fattening period for
animal was found in balady breed cattle in summer (211.25 day).
4. The higher weight gain for animal was found in crossbred cattle in
winter (246.16 Kg per cycle) while lower weight gain for animal was
found in balady breed cattle in summer (174.36 Kg per cycle).
5. The higher value for animal sale was found in crossbred cattle in
summer (12273.57 LE) while lower value for animal sale was found in
balady in winter (9238.27 LE).
6. The higher value for total return was found in crossbred cattle in
summer (12313.57 LE) while lower value for total return was found in
balady in winter (9277.81 LE).
7. The higher value for total costs was found in crossbred cattle in
summer (10575.53 LE) while the lower value for total costs was found
in buffaloes in winter (8943.80 LE).
8. The higher value for net return was found in crossbred cattle in
summer (1738.04 LE) while lower value for net return was found in
balady breed cattle in winter (165.9 LE).B-The collective and partial measures differed significantly at
(P<0.05) among types of fattening animals of different seasons on beef
cattle.
1. The highest percentage for net return/total costs was found in
crossbred cattle in summer (18.11 %) while the lowest percentage for
net return/total costs was found in balady breed cattle e in winter (6.40
%).
2. The highest percentage for total return/total cost was found in
crossbred cattle in summer (118.11 %) while the lowest percentage for
total return/total cost was found in balady breed cattle in winter
(106.40 %).
3.The higher value for costs of kilogram beef from total veterinary
management costs was found in balady cattle breed in winter (20.01
Piaster) while the lower value for cost of kilogram beef from total
veterinary management costs was found in crossbred cattle in summer
(16.18 Piaster).
III- Locality and Season effect on variable resources affecting beef
production.
A-The value feed costs, total veterinary management cost, fattening
period, weight gain, animal sale, total return , total costs and net
return which differed significantly at mong different
seasons of different localities on beef cattle
1. The higher value of feed cost was found in Menofyia in winter
(4574.18 LE per cycle) while the lower value of feed cost was found
in Giza in winter (3181.47 LE per cycle). 2. The higher value of total veterinary management was found in
Kaliobyia in summer (92.47 LE per cycle) while the lower value of
total veterinary management was found in Menofyia in summer
(74.14 LE per cycle).
3. The higher weight gain for animal was found in Giza in winter
(237.06 Kg per cycle) while the lower weight gain for animal was
found in Menofyia in winter (221.84 Kg per cycle).
4. The longer fattening period for animal was found in Menofyia in
winter (275.50 day) while the lower fattening period for animal was
found in Giza in winter (222.65 day).
5. The higher value for animal sale was found in Menofyia in
summer (11878.20 LE) while lower value for animal sale was found
in Giza in summer (9498.16 LE).
6. The higher value for total return was found in Menofyia in
summer (11918.18 LE) while lower value for total return was found
in Giza in summer (9538.13 LE).
7. The higher value for total costs was found in Menofyia in summer
(10703.08 LE) while the lower value for total costs was found in
Giza in summer (8259.44 LE).
8. The higher value for net return was found in Kaliobyia in summer
(1673.7 LE) while lower value for net return was found in Menofyia
in winter (304.62 LE).
B-The collective and partial measures differed significantly at
among different seasons of different localities on beef cattle
production. 1. The percentage of net return/total costs was found higher in
Kaliobyia in summer (18.63 %) while percentage for net return/total
costs was found lower in Menofyia in winter (10.65 %).
2. The higher percentage for total return/total cost was found in
Kaliobyia in summer (118.63 %) while the lower percentage for total
return/total cost was found in Menofyia in winter (110.65 %).
3.The higher value for costs of kilogram beef from total veterinary
management costs was found in Kaliobyia in summer (19.41 Piaster)
while lower value for cost of kilogram beef from total veterinary
management costs was found in Menofyia in summer (14.82 Piaster).