الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 90 random samples of basterma were collected from
different supermarkets in Kalyobia governorate represented 3 various
processing plants namely A, B and C (30 of each).
The obtained results indicated that the incidence of mold
contamination the examined samples of basterma was 63.33 % , 73.33%.
and 90% for processing plants A,B and C respectively. Further more. The
total mold count /g in the examined samples of basterma ranged from 2.1
x 102 to 3.8 x 104 with an average of 9.5 x 103 ± 2.26 x 103 for plant A.
7.9 x 102 to 1.3 x 105 with an average 2.08 x 104 ± 0.33 x 104 for plant B.
1.5 x 103 to 6.0 x 105 with an average 7.92 x 104 ± 1.57 x 104 for plant C.
Totally 75.56% of the examined basterma sample contaminated with
mold with a mean value of 3.65 x 104 ± 0.81 x 104/g.
Accurately, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor, Rhizopus,
Clodosporium, Sporotricum and Trichoderma species were isolated from
36.67 % , 30.00% , 16.67 % , 13.33 % , 10.00 % , 6.67 % and 3.33 % for
plant A. Respectively. However, Penicillium spp was detected at highest
percent 53.33 % followed by Aspergillus spp 43.33%, Cladosporium
23.33%, Mucor spp 13.33 %, Rhizopus 10.00 % and Fusarium 6.67 % for
the examined samples of basterma of plant B. Furthermore, Aspergillus,
Penicillum, Mucor and scopulariopsis were isolated 60.00 %, 56.67 %
,26.67 % and 23.33 % as highest isolated percent for plant C.
While,incidence of Aspergillus species isolated from the examined
samples of basterma of different processing plants was A. flavus was
detect at highest percent 13.33 % followed by A. niger 6.67 % for the
examined samples of plant A. furthermore , A. Flavus. A.versicoior and
A. terreus at percentage of 16.67 %, 10.00% and 6.67 % for plant B respectively. However A. flavus 26.67 %, A.niger 10.00 %, A.ruber 6.67
% and (A.fumigotus, A.nidulans.A. ochraceus, A. tamari and A. terreus)
3.33 % for the examined samples of basterma of plant C.
The incidence of toxigenic A. flavus isolated from the examined
samples of basterma of different processing plants toxigenic A.flavus
were detected in 6.67 %, 13.33 %. And 16.67% for the processing plants
A, B and c respectively.
The average concentration of aflatoxin B1, (ug/L) extracted from the
toxigenic strains of A.flavus isolated from the examind samples of
basterma of different processing plants were 29.61 ± 2.36 for plant A,
44.17 ± 2.92 for plant B and 51.32 ± 3.07 for plant C. while the average
concentration of aflatoxin B 2, (ug/L) were 20.46 ± 1.86 for plant A,
27.99 ± 2.04 for plant B and 38.13± 2.31 for plant C. result achieved for
the average concentration of aflatoxin G1, (ug/L) were 22.46 ± 1.95 for
plant A, 31.87 ± 2.18 for plant B and 45.26 ± 2.77 for plant C.The
average concentration of aflatoxin G 2, (ug/L) 9.23 ± 0.97 for plant A,
14.81 ± 1.10 for plant B and 17.69 ± 1.28 for plant C.
It is evident from the results recorded that the incidence of yeast
contaminated the examined samples of basterma was 53.33%, 60.00%
and 83.33% for the processing plants A, B and C, respectively.
Furthermore , the total yeast count /g in the examined samples of
basterma ranged from 1.7 x 102 to 9.8 x 103 with on average 3.04 x 103 ±
0.29 x 103 for plant A, 3.1 x 102 to 7.0 x 104 with an average 1.56 x 104 ±
0.38 x 104 for plant B, 8.0 x 102 to 1.0 x 105 with an average 4.89 x 104 ±
0.74 x 104 for plant C. Totally. 65.56% of the examined basterma samples
contaminated with yeast a mean value of 2.26 x 104 ± 0.41 x 104 /g.
Accurately, Torulopsis (30.00%) were the most yeast species from
the examined basterma samples of plant A. Followed by Rhodotorula (26.67%) Candida (16.67%) and Sacchoromyces (6.67%) for plant A ,
Furthermore Torulposis, Candida, Sacchoromyces and Rhodotorula
species in percentage (36.67%), (26.67%), (23.33%) and (13.33%),for
plant B respectively. However Rhodotorula 43.33% was detected at
highest Percent followed by Saccharomyces 33.33%, Candida 30.00%
and Tourulopsis 20.00% for Plant C.
Subsequently , World attention be focused on the toxicity of some
molds in foods where they have potential hazards to man and animals
through their mutagenic , teratogenic and carcinogenic effects.