الفهرس 
Review of literatureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 309 |  |  |
| | | from | 309 | | |
Abstract
Biochemical effect of antioxidants and radiation on liver and blood in tumor bearing mice were investigated. This study was carried out on 360, 12-16 weeks old female mice and weighted 30- 35 gm. Mice were housed in a separate metal cages under the same constant environment and nutritional condition through the period of investigation. Radiotherapy is used as gamma irradiation and two antioxidants were used which are vitamin C and vitamin A. + Vitamin E. Mice were classified into two large experiments as follow.
Experiment 1 : ”tumor bearing mice”
Comprised of 180 female mice were injected with Ehrlich ascitis carcinoma (EAC) after a dose of 0.2 ml, s/c in the medial aspect of thigh. Tumor developed and became palpable for all animals after 5- 7 days post tumor inoculation. Then we classified into six groups each of them comprised of 30 female mice.
Group 1:
Tumor bearing mice administered with normal saline (tumor-bearing control).
Group 2:
Tumor bearing mice administrated with vitamin C in oral daily dose at level of 125 mg/kg Body weight, during and after induction of tumor for 3
weeks. Group 3: Tumor bearing mice administrated with vit. A+ vit. E in oral daily dose
during and after induction of tumor for 3 weeks, at level of 6000 III/kg b.w. and 14 mg/kg b.w. respectively.
Group 4:
Tumor bearing mice subjected to Radiotherapy as whole body at dose of 600 rad fractionated for 4 days after 7 days of tumor implantation.
Group 5:
Tumor bearing mice administrated with the same dose of vit. C orally and daily and subjected to radiotherapy similar to the above dose.
Group 6:
Tumor bearing mice administrated with the same dose of vit. A + vit. E orally and daily and subjected to radiotherapy similar to the above dose.
The blood and liver samples were collected from all animal groups at 7, 14 and 21 days from the onset of drugs administration from (group 1,2,3,5,
and 6) and from (group 4) at 1,2,4,7 and 14 days after exposure to radiotherpy.
A-Blood Samples
Heparin red blood samples (20 IU/ml) were collected from all animals groups of two experiments after sacrificing of mice the blood samples were obtained in dry, clean, screw and capped tubes, the hemoglobin was determined from the whole blood and plasma was separated by centrifugation at 3000 r. p. m. for 10 minutes. The clean, clear plasma were aspirated by Pasteur pipette and received in dry sterile sample tube and used freshly for quantitative analysis of the following biochemical parameters :
1-Total cholesterol, 2- triacylglycerol, 3- HDL-C
4- LDLC, 5- phospholipids, 6- iron,
7- Total iron Binding capacity (TIBC) 8- urea, 9- creatinine 10- L- malondialdehyde.
B-Tissue sampling :
After sacrificing mice liver tissue specimens were taken and immediately removed from each mice of both (control and experimental Groups), washed several times with saline. 0.5 gm of liver was homogenate of a phosphate buffer PH 7.4 determination of superoxide dismutes enzyme activity and glutathione peroxidase activity.
The following obtained results are
*Effect of tumor on plasma lipid profile:-
- A significant decrease of plasma total cholesterol conc. after 1,2 and 3 week in TBM compared N’TBM
- A significant decrease of plasma HDL- collo after 1,2 and 3 weeks in TBM compared to NTBM.
-A significant increase of plasma phospholipids conc. after 1,2 and 3 weeks in TBM compared to NTBM.
* Effect of antioxidant alone or in combination with radiation on lipid profile :-
* total cholesterol :
a-TB-M
-Very highly significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks and high significant after 3 weeks with vitamin C treatment .
-Very highly significant increase after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control .
-A significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation and vit C as
compared o radiation treatment .
-A significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation and vit A+vit E as compared to radiation treatment.
—A significant decrease after 2 week and high significant after 3 weeks with vit A + vit E treatment.
B- NTB-M:
-A very highly significant decrease of plasma cholesterol with vitamin C administration in all experimental periods.
—A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks and very highly significant decrease after 4,6 and 8 weeks with vit A+vit E administration as compared to control.
—A very highly significant increase after 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compare to control.
—A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks with combination with radiation and vitamin C as compared to control and radiation treated group.
—A significant decrease after 2 weeks with combination with radiation and vit A + vit E as compared to control and radiation treated group. * Tiacylglycerol :
a- TB-M:
-A significant decrease after 2 weeks and very highly significant decrease after 3 week with vitamin C treatment as compared to control.
—A highly significant decrease and very highly significant decrease after 3 weeks with vit A +v it E treatment as compared to control.
— A highly significant increase after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.
-A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks and non significant decrease after 1 week with combination of radiation vitamin C treated as compared to control and radiation treated group.
—A highly significant decrease after 2 week and non significant decrease after 1 week with combination of radiation and vitamin C treated as companied to control and radiation treated group.
B — NTB-M :
- A very highly significant decrease of plasma triacylglycerol or all experimental periods with vitamin C administration as compared to control.
—A very highly significant decrease of plasma triacylglycerol for all experimental periods with vit A + vit E administration as compared to control.
— A very highly significant increase after 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.
—A significant decrease after 2 weeks with combination of radiation and vitamin C treated as compared to control and radiation treated group.
—A significant decrease after 2 week with combination of radiation and vit A + vit E as compared to control and radiation Treated group.
* plasma HDL-c:-
a-TB-M
- A significant increase after 3 weeks with vitamin C treatment as compared to control . - A very highly significant increase after 2 and 3 weeks with vit.A + vit E treatment
as compare to control.
B — NTB-M:
—A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.
—A significant decrease after 2 weeks with combination of radiation and viamin C treatment as compared to control and radiation treated group. * plasma LDL-C
a- TB- M :
-A very highly significant decrease after 1 week followed by highly significant decrease after 2 weeks and significant decrease after 3 weeks with vitamin C treated as compared to control.
—A significant decrease after 1 week and highly significant decrease after 2 weeks as compared to control.
B — NTB-M:
- A significant decrease after 2 and 4 weeks followed by very highly significant decrease after 6 and 8 weeks with administration of vitamin C as compared to control
-A significant decrease after 4 weeks followed by very highly significant decrease after 6 and 8 weeks with administration of vit A + vit E as compared to control.
— A very highly significant increase after 2 weeks with radiation as compared to control.
— Effect of tumor on kidney function tests (urea and creatinine ):
-A highly significant increase of plasma urea for all experimental periods in TBM as compared to NTBM .
— A significant increase of plasma creatinine after 1 and 3 weeks in TBM as compared to NTBM .
Effect of radiation alone on kidney function(urea and creatinine ) :
-A highly significant increase of plasma urea after 1,2 and7 days with radiation treatment in TBM as compared to NBM .
Effect of antioxidant alone or in combination with radiation on kidney function tests:
* urea:
a — TB-M
-A highly significant decrease after 1 and 3 weeks with vitamin C treatment as compared to control.
— A highly significant decrease after 1 and 3 weeks with vit A+ vit E treatment as compared to control.
— A highly significant increase after 1 week with radiation treatment as compared to control.
— A highly significant decrease after 1 weeks with combination of radiation and vitamin C as compared to control and radiation group.
— A highly significant decrease after 1 week with combination of radiation and vitamin A+ vitamin E as compared to control and radiation group.
B- NTB-M:
- A very highly significant decrease after 6 and 8 weeks with vit C administration as compared control
—A highly significant decrease after 6 and 8 weeks with vit A + vit E administration as compared to control. Effect of antioxidant alone or in combination with radiation on blood hemoglobin an plasma iron profile:
* blood hemoglobin :
A- TB- M
-A significant increase after 2 weeks and very highly significant increase after 3 weeks with vitamin C treatment as compared to control
-A very highly significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.
-A highly significant decrease after 1 week as compared to control, while highly significant increase after 1 week with radiation and vitamin C as compared to radiation group.
-A very highly significant decrease after 1 week as compared to control.
While highly significant increase after 1 week with combination of radiation and vitamin A + vitamin E as compared to radiation treated group.
b- NTB- M:
-A significant increase after 6 and 8 weeks with vitamin C administration as compared to control.
-A very highly significant decrease after 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.
-A significant decrease after 2 weeks with combination of radiation and vitamin A + vitamin E treatment as compared to control.
Plasma iron: a- TB- M: -A very highly significant increase after 2 and 3 weeks with vitamin C treatment as compared to control.
-A significant increase after 3 weeks with vitamin A + vitamin E treatment as compared to control.
-A very highly significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.
-A highly significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks as compared to control while highly significant increase after 1 and 2 weeks as compared to radiation group with combination of radiation and vitamin C treatment.
-A very highly significant decrease after 1 and 2 weeks as compared to control while highly significant increase after 1 and 2 weeks as compared to radiation group with combination of radiation and vitamin A + vitamin E. Treatment.
b- NTB- M :
-A significant increase after 4 weeks and very highly significant increase after 8 weeks with vitamin C administration as compared to control.
-A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks as compared to control, while significant increase as compared to radiation treated group with combination of radiation and vitamin C treatment.
-A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks as compared to control, while significant increase as compared to radiation treated group with combination of radiation and vitamin A + vitamin E treatment.
Plasma total iron binding capacity (TIBC):
a- TB- M :
-A significant increase of TIBC after 3 weeks as compared to control.
b- NTB- M : A significant decrease of TIBC after 6 weeks with vitamin C administration as compared to control.
Effect of tumor on plasma MDA and liver SOD and GSHP x activity:
- A highly significant decrease of liver SOD acivity for all experimental periods in TBM as compared to NTBM.
-A highly significant decrease of liver GSHPx activity for all experiment periods in TBM as compared to NTBM.
Effect of radiation alone on plasma MDA and liver SOD and GSHP x activity :
-A significant increase of plasma MDA after 1,2,4 and 7 days with radiation treatment in TBM as compared to NTBM.
-A very highly significant decrease of liver SOD activity after 1,4.7 and 14 days and highly significant after 2 days with radiation treatment in TBM as compared to NTBM.
-A highly significant decrease of liver GSHPx activity after 1,2 and 7 days and very highly significant decrease after 4 and 14 days with radiation treatment in TBM as compared to NTBM.
Effect of antioxidant alone or in combination with radiation on plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver SOD and GSHP x activities:
Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA):
a- TB- M:
- A significant decrease after 1 week with vitamin A + vitamin E treatment as compared to control. -A highly significant increase after 1 and 2 weeks with radiation treatment as
compared to control.
- A significant decrease after 1 week as compared to control and significant decrease after 1 week as compared to radiation treated group with radiation
and vitamin A + vitamin E treatment.
b- NTB- M :
-A significant decrease after 4 weeks with administration of vitamin C as
compared to control.
-A highly significant increase after 2 weeks with radiation treatment as
compared o control.
-A significant increase after 2 weeks with vitamin A + vitamin E and radiation as compared to control while significant decrease as compared to
radiation treated group.
*Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity :
a-TB- M: -A highly significant increase after 2 weeks and significant increase after 3
weeks with vitamin C treatment as compared to control.
-A significant increase after 2 and 3 weeks with vitamin A + vitamin E treatment as compared to control.
b-NTB- M :
-A significant increase after 2 and 8 weeks followed by highly significant
increase after 4 and 6 weeks as compared to control with vitamin C
administration.
-A highly significant increase for all experimental periods with vitamin A +
vitamin E administration as compared to control.
-A significant decrease after 2 week with radiation treatment as compared to
control. -A significant decrease after 2 week with radiation and vitamin C as
compared to contra while significant increase as compared to radiation treated group.
-A significant decrease after 2 weeks with radiation and vitamin A + vitamin
E as compared to control while significant increase as compared to radiation treated group.
Liver glutathione peroxidase (GSHP x) activity :
a-TB- M:
- A highly significant decrease after 1 week and significant decrease after 2 week with radiation treatment as compared to control.
b-NTB- M :
-A highly significant increase for all experimental periods with vitamin C administration as compared to control.
-A highly significant decrease after 2 weeks with radiation treatment as compared to control.