الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract A total of 120 random samples of cattle blade, liver, kidneys and lungs (30 of each) were collected from two abattoirs of Al-Bohira province. All collected samples were subjected to organoleptic evaluation, chemical and microbiological examination. The obtained results revealed the followings: Organoleptic evaluation: The result of sensory characters revealed that the meat had a score of excellent quality grade in 12 samples, very good in 11 samples and good in 7 samples, liver had a score of excellent in 16 samples, very good in 9 samples and good in 5 samples, kidneys had a score of excellent in 21 samples and very good in 9 samples, and the lungs had a score of excellent in 13 samples, very good in 8 samples and good in 9 samples. All the examined meat and offal samples which collected freshly and directly after stamping were normal in color, odor and consistency. Determination of pH value: The pH value ranged from 5.4 to 6 with a mean value of 5.70 ± 0.04 in meat samples. In liver samples pH value ranged from 6.2 to 6.6 with a mean value of 6.45 ± 0.02. In kidney samples pH value ranged from 6.4 to 6.6 with a mean value 6.49 ± 0.01 and, finally, in lungs pH value ranged from 6.2 to 6.6 with a mean value of 6.48 ± 0.02. There was a high significant differences (P < 0.05) in pH value of meat with other examined samples. Determination of Total Volatile Nitrogen (TVN) value (mg/100g): The TVN value (mg/100g) ranged from 12.5 to 12.8, with a mean value of 12.68± 0.02 in meat samples, in liver TVN value ranged from 12.3 to 13.4, with a mean value of 13.06 ± 0.04, in kidneys TVN value ranged from 12.4 to 13.0, with a mean value of 12.76 ± 0.03 and, finally, in lungs TVN value ranged from 12.3 to 13.40, with a mean value of 12.98 ± 0.04. There was a high significant differences (P < 0.05) in TVN value of meat and kidneys with other examined samples. Determination of Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) value (mg malonaldehyde/kg of sample): TBA value (mg malonaldehyde/kg of sample) ranged from 0.17 to 0.33, with mean value of 0.24 ± 0.01 in meat samples, in liver TBA value ranged from 0.09 to 0.22, with mean value of 0.16 ± 0.01, in kidneys TBA value ranged from 0.21 to 0.32, with mean value of 0.25 ± 0.01 and, finally, in lungs TBA value ranged from 0.17 to 0.29, with mean value of 0.24 ± 0.01. There was a high significant differences (P < 0.05) in TBA value of liver with other examined samples. Determination of total Aerobic Plate Count “APC” (cfu/g): The mean value of aerobic bacterial count cfu/g in fresh beef samples were 2.36×105 ± 4.8×104,with a maximum value of 1.2×106 and a minimum value of 6×103 cfu/g and in liver samples, the mean value was 2.01×105 ± 3.7×104 ,with a maximum value of 7.2×105 and minimum value of 1.2×104 cfu/g and in kidney samples the mean value was 3.43×105± 1.97×105, with a maximum value of 6×106 and a minimum value of 5.6×103 cfu/g and in lung samples the mean value was 1.89×105±3.8×104, with a maximum value of 7.8×105 and a minimum value of 1.3×104 cfu/g. Means within samples showed no significant differences (P < 0.05). Determination of total Enterobacteriaceae count (cfu/g): Total Enterobacteriaceae count in examined meat samples ranged from 3×102 to 7.2×105 ,with a mean value of 1.08×105 ±2.6×104 cfu/g and in liver samples it ranged from 2.3×103 to 3.8×105 ,with a mean value of 8.4×104 ± 1.8×104 cfu/g and in kidney samples it ranged from 1.6×102 to 3.7×105 ,with a mean value of 6.9×104± 1.7×104 cfu/g and in lung samples it ranged from 1×103 to 4.5×105 ,with a mean value of 8.4×104 ± 2.1×104 cfu/g. Means within samples showed no significant differences (P < 0.05). Determination of total Coliform count (cfu/g): Total coliform bacterial count in fresh beef samples ranged from <10 to 3.2×105 ,with a mean value of 4.4×104± 1.2×104 cfu/g and in liver samples it ranged from <10 to 1.3×105 ,with a mean value of 3.4×104±7×103 cfu/g and in kidney samples it ranged from <10 to 9.2×104 ,with a mean value of 2.2×104 ± 5×103 cfu/g and in lung samples it ranged from <10 to 1.2×105 ,with a mean value of 3.2×104 ± 8×103 cfu/g. Means within samples showed no significant differences (P < 0.05). Determination of total Staphylococcal count (cfu/g): Staphylococcal count cfu/g of fresh beef samples ranged from 7.7×102 to 8.6×104 ,with a mean value of 2.8×104± 5×103 cfu/g and in liver samples it ranged from <10 to 7.7×104 ,with a mean value of 2.3×104± 4×103 cfu/g and in kidney samples it ranged from <10 to 9.2×104 ,with a mean value of 2.3×104± 5×103 cfu/g and in lung samples it ranged from <10 to 7.6×104 ,with a mean value of 2×104± 4×103 cfu/g. Means within samples showed no significant differences (P < 0.05). Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus: The incidence of total isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, in meat was 40%, while for liver it was 20%, on the other hand, in kidneys it was 13.3%, and in lungs it was 30%, respectively. Determination of total Mould count (cfu/g): The total mould count cfu/g of fresh meat samples ranged from <10 to 1.9×103 ,with a mean value of 1.24×102 ± 6.4×10 cfu/g and in liver samples it ranged from <10 to 2×102 ,with a mean value of 4.6×10 ± 9×10 cfu/g and in kidney samples it ranged from <10 to 2×102 ,with a mean value of 4.9×10 ± 1×10 cfu/g and in lung samples it ranged from <10 to 5×102 ,with a mean value of 8.7×10 ± 2.2×10 cfu/g. Means within samples showed no significant differences (P < 0.05). Identification of mould species: Different species of mould isolated from the examined samples. In meat they were Alternaria spp 20%, Aspergillus spp 66.6%, Cladosporium spp 16.6%, Fusarium spp 6.6%, Geotrichum spp 43.3%, Mucor spp 36.6%, and Penicillum spp 23.3%, but Rhizopus spp failed to be isolated, in liver they were Alternaria spp 6.6%, Aspergillus spp 60%, Cladosporium spp 16.6%, Fusarium spp 10%, Geotrichum spp 13.3%, Mucor spp 16.6%, Penicillum spp 23.3% and Rhizopus spp 10% in kidneys they were Alternaria spp 13.3%, Aspergillus spp 56.6%, Fusarium spp 10%, Geotrichum spp 16.6%, Mucor spp 36.6%, Penicillum spp 13.3%, and Rhizopus spp 6.6% but Cladosporium spp failed to be isolated and in lungs they were Alternaria spp 16.6%, Aspergillus spp 63.3%, Cladosporium spp 23.3%, Fusarium spp 20%, Geotrichum spp 10%, Mucor spp 13.3% and Penicillum spp 20%, but Rhizopus spp failed to be isolated. |