الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out during 2011 and 2012 at the crop science
prediction Laboratory, of Environmental Studies and Research Institute, Sadat
City University, to investigate the effect of lighting period (6, 10, 14 and 18 h /
day) ,aeration period (40, 60 and 80 min / day) and irrigation period (2, 3 and 4
min / 4h) on yield of barley and its attributes, using hydroponics technique. The hydroponics system.
The hydroponics system consisted of a frame, growth trough and units of
aeration, lighting, cooling, irrigation, and control units.
Plant material and Experimental design.
Barley Giza 124 Seeds were used in this subject, a split- split plot design with
three replications was used in this study. Lighting period assigned to the main
plots and the aeration period was in the sub plots, while the sub-sub plots
included the irrigation period.
Effect of lighting period on herb and root of barely under hydroponics
system.
1-Herb and root length
Lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest values (26.98 cm)for herb.
While lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the lowest values (19.19) as for root
length did not affected by lighting period.
2-Fresh yield (kg/m2)
Lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the highest values (26.333 and 30.356 kg/m2)
for herb and total fresh weight respectively. While lighting period 18 h/ day
recorded the lowest values (17.170 and 21.244 kg/m2) for herb and total fresh
weight respectively. Lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the highest value (4.178 kg/m2) for root,
while the lowest value was obtained with lighting period 10 h/ day (4.022
kg/m2) for root. 3-Dry yield (kg/m2)
Lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the highest value (2.410 kg/m2).While,
lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the lowest value (2.022 kg/m2)for herb As
for root and total dry weight, lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest
values (0.649 and 2.846 kg/m2), respectively , while the lowest values were
obtained with lighting period 10 h/ day ( 0.336 kg/m2) for root and lighting
period 18 h/ day ( 2.367 kg/m2) for total dry weight.
4-Moisture content (%)
lighting period 10 h/day recorded the highest value ( 92.22%) in herb and with
14 h/day for root ( 91.27 %), while the lowest moisture content in herb and
root were obtained with lighting period 18 h/day ( 88.12 and 89.86 % ) for herb
and root , respectively.
5-Dry matter content (%).
Lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest value (11.87 %) for herb dry
matter. While, lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the lowest value (7.77%). As
for root dry matter, lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (16.08
%), while the lowest value was obtained with lighting period 10 or 14 h/ day
(8.47%).
6-Water use efficiency (WUE).
Lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (2.410 kg /L).While
lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the lowest values (1.557 kg/L).
7-Fat content (%)
Lighting time 6 h/ day in herb and root and recorded the highest values (5.130
and 6.011%), respectively While, lighting time 10 h/ day in herb and root and
recorded the lowest value (5.078 and 5.978%) respectively. 8-Fiber content (%)
Lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest value (16.489%). On the other
hand, lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the lowest values (14.763) for herb,
As for fiber content of root, lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest
value (17.133%), while lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the lowest values
(12.822%).
9-Protein content (%)
Lighting period 14 h/day recorded the highest value ( 26.930 and 20.885%) for
herb and root respectively., while the lowest value in herb and root were
obtained with lighting period 6 h/day ( 24.559 and 10.707 % ) respectively.
10-Acid detergent fiber (%)
Lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (12.467 and 13.133%) for
herb and roots, respectively. While, lighting period 18h/ day recorded the lowest
values (11.311 and 11.100%) for herb and roots, respectively.
11-Neutral detergent fiber
Lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest value (32.656 %). While, lighting
period 10 h/ day recorded the lowest values (30.474%) for roots.
12-Ratio of produced fodder/ planted seed weight
Lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the highest values (6.626). while the lowest
ratio of produced fodder planted seed weight ( 4.667) was obtained with
lighting period 18 h/ day .
13-Macro elements contents in herb
Lighting period had no significant effect on N, P and K contents in herb.
14-Microelements contents (mg/g) in herb
Lighting period had no significant effect on Mg, Ca, Na, Mn and Zn contents in
herb except Mn. The highest values of Mn (9.35 mg/g) was obtained with lighting period 6h/day, while the lowest values (9.30 mg/g) was obtained
lighting period 14 or 18h/day. Effect of aeration period on both herb and root of barely under
hydroponics system.
1-Herb and root length
Herb and root length of barely did not affected by aeration period.
2-Fresh yield (kg/m2)
Aeration period 40 min./ day recorded the highest values (23.042 and 26.464
kg/m2) for herb and total fresh weight respectively. While, aeration period 80
min./ day recorded the lowest values ( 19.978 and 24.783 kg/m2) for herb and
total fresh weight respectively. Aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the
highest value (4.806 kg/m2) for root, while the lowest value was obtained with
aeration period 40 min./ day ( 3.422 kg/m2) for root.
3-Dry yield (kg/m2)
Aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the highest values (2.329, 0.493 and
2.826 kg/m2) for herb , root and total dry weight respectively. While, the lowest
values were recorded with the lowest period of aeration at 40 min./ day ( 2.046,
0.348 and 2.389 kg/m2) for herb, root and total dry weight respectively.
4-Moisture content (%)
Aeration period 80 min./day recorded the highest values 91.16 % , while 40
min./day aeration gave the lowest value (89.10%)for herb. the maximum
values in root (88.64 %) was obtained with 40 min. /day aeration, while the
minimum value (86.82%) was obtained with 80 min. /day aeration.
5-Dry matter content (%).
Aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the highest values (11.89, %). While, the lowest value was recorded with aeration 40 min./ day ( 8.83%) .
6-Water use efficiency (WUE).