الفهرس 
Typhoid feverOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Typhoid fever is a multisystemic infectious disease that
affects different organs in a variable degrees. Typhoid fever is a world wide in distribution. In Egypt,
typhoid fever still more prevelant disease specially in the
summar monthes and this is due to bad habit of eating outside
home.
We tried to assess hepatic affection in children with typhoid
fever because of recently reported cases were presenting with
hepatitis, like picture in typhoid fever.
In the present study 55 children with typhoid fever were
admitted to Tanta Fever Hospital for diagnosis and management.
they were 31 males and 24 females, their ages ranged from
3-12 y. All cases were subjected to full history-tacking, clinical
examination. routine investigation, serological , liver function
tests and liver ultrasound. Excluding the presence of viral
hepatitis • bilharziasis, gall stone, other coexistent disease and
antibiotic or drug abuse that may affects liver function.
The evolution time of the disease was considered from the onset of the first symptoms usually fever and children were
divided into two groups : Group I: Being those in the 1st. week
Group II: Those in the 2nd . or 3rd. week from the onset.
It was found that fever, headach abdominal pain, coated
tongue, bowel habit disturbances, splenomegaly and
hepatomegaly were the most commonly encountered features.
Hepatomegaly was found durtng the 2nd or 3rd. week more
often than in the 1st week (57.14% VS. 20%).
No clinical features suggestive of hepatitis were seen among
our cases. This denotes that although typhoid hepatitis is
common, yet clinically manifestated cases are rare.
Bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, SGPT, SGOT and
prothrombin time were raised in 37% , 45.7%,51.4%, 20% and
42.8% of our cases respectively during the 2nd and 3rd week of
illness.
Summaru & Condusion.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
In conclusion, although the clincial picture of hepatitis is
unusual. in typhoid fever, the liver involvement is invariably
present after the 1st. week of illness and directly proportional
with widal ”0” titre.
The liver involvement in typhoid fever is considered as a
complication but it is not a life threatining complication of S.
typhi infection.
Furthere longer prospective studies are recommended to
asses the sequale of liver dysfunction in typhoid fever and to
determine its pathogenesis.
S. typhi should however be added to the list of pathogens
implicated in the pathogenesis of infectious hepatitis and should
considered in the differential diagnosis.
We recommended hepatic function evaluation in all cases of
typhoid fever, as well as, the follow up of liver function for
prognostic value.