الفهرس 
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Abstract
Transverse maxillary hypoplasia is frequently seen in adolescents and
adults. It always manifested in oral breathing patients causing some rhinologic
and dentofacial problems such as decrease of the nasal permeability, bilateral
dental maxillary crossbite and compromising esthetics, occlusal stability and
normal mouth functioning.
Therefore, early treatment is necessary to establish craniofacial equilibrium.
Consequently, myofunctional correction is also established, this favors normal
growth and development in children.
Many approaches were used as a clinical routine to normalize the upper
arch hypoplasia to achieve a stable and functional occlusion. The approaches
differed by the frequency of the appliance activation, magnitude of the applied
force, duration of treatment and patient age.
The mechanism of expansion may produce slow, semi-rapid, rapid and
more recently ultra-rapid expansion. Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is one
of the most effective and applicable method for the correction of the skeletal
maxillary deficiency in young age by stimulating the bone formation after
opening the midpalatal suture (MPS).
Introduction
2
However, even though opening the midpalatal suture effectively widens
a narrow maxilla, relapse after maxillary expansion is common particularly in
older patients.
One of the factors that may contribute to this post-treatment instability is
an increase in the labial and buccal soft tissue pressure exerted on teeth, which
may lead to relapse before a new bone tissue has been formed in the opened
suture. Maintenance of the expanded maxilla requires adequate midpalatal
suture opening, combined with over-expansion and long term retention.
Many methods have been used to enhance the long-term stability of the
rapid maxillary expansion. For example, low-power laser irradiation, human
growth hormone (hGH), human recombinant transforming growth factor (rhu)
TGF-β 1 and biphosphonate (BP).
Ozone therapy has been shown to have a stimulatory effect on the
healing of both soft tissues and bones under several experimental and clinical
conditions. The trial is to study the effect of ozone on the process of bone
regeneration in the midpalatal suture after rapid maxillary expansion.
The present work will therefore examine the effect of ozone therapy on
bone healing in the midpalatal suture after rapid maxillary expansion jackscrew