الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study is carried out on 20 lactating female rabbits and 3 males from white
New Zealand breed were divided in to five groups each group contain 4 lactating
female rabbits as follows:
Group I (control negative):
Neither received the medical plant (fenugreek or its oil) nor the vehicle.
Group II (control positive):
Rabbits were fed on liquorices (3.0 ml) only which was orally given to
rabbits by using stomach tube two days before parturition and continued for 13
days after parturition for 2 successive pregnancies. This group was considered as
control of the fenugreek vehicle.
Group III:
Rabbits were fed on fenugreek powder (1.5 g/rabbit) mixed with liquorices
(3.0 ml) and orally given to animals by using stomach tube two days before
parturition and continued for 13 days after parturition for 2 successive
pregnancies.
Group IV:
Rabbits were fed on sprouted fenugreek (average amount 60-66 sprouted
seeds) which was orally given to animals on ration two days before parturition
and 13 days after parturition for 2 successive pregnancies.
Group V:
Rabbits were fed on fenugreek oil (0.34 ml) which was mixed with
liquorices (3.0ml) and orally given to female rabbit by using stomach tube two
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days before parturition and continued for 13 days after parturition for 2
successive pregnancies.
The sampling was carried out as follow:
1- Blood sample was collected from each lactating doe on day 13 of lactation.
2- Milk Sample was collected only at 13day from lactation for chemical
composition and for milk yield estimation at early of lactation (3day from
lactation), mid of lactation (15day from lactation) and at late of lactation (27day
from lactation).
3- Body weight of bunnies were measured weekly from parturition till weaning.
4- Morphometeric study of does mammary glands:
a- Measuring teat diameter and length by using digital caliber at early of lactation
(3day from lactation), mid of lactation (15day from lactation) and at late of
lactation (27day from lactation).
b- Using ultrasonography of mammary gland.
The results and statistical analysis indicated that
1- Chemical composition (%) of rabbits milk:
In general , the fenugreek seeds and oil administered groups (G3& G5) recorded
the highest percent values (p<0.05) of fat, protein, lactose, total solids and solid
not fat contents of the rabbits milk in both 1st and 2nd lactation period relative to
other tested groups.
2- Milk yield of lactating rabbits:
The effect of seeds (powder), germinated and oil of fenugreek
administration on rabbits milk yield.
1&2- At the early and mid of lactation period:
The milk yield were recorded a non significant differences (p>0.05) either
between tested groups or between 1st and 2nd pregnancy in the same group.
3-At late of lactation:
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Generally in 1st and 2nd pregnancy, germinated (G4) and oil (G5) of fenugreek
were recorded a significant rates (p<0.05) of milk yield relative to groups 2 and 3
(control and fenugreek seeds). No significant differences were showed between
1st and 2nd pregnancy in the same tested groups.
3- Bunnies body weight of lactating rabbits:
T he body weights of suckling bunnies from dams fed on fenugreek
seeds (G3) recorded the highest body weight values in comparison with values of
the other tested groups in both 1st and 2nd pregnancy.
4- Teat length and diameter of lactating rabbits:
The effects of fenugreek seeds (powder), germinated seeds and oil
administration on lactating rabbits’ teat length and diameter. Significant
differences were recorded for teat lengths in groups (G2, G3, and G5) and no
significant differences for teat diameters of lactating rabbits in all lactation
periods of the tested groups.
5- Total leukocytic count of lactating rabbits:
Experimental groups of G2 to G5 were showed significant reduction
(p<0.05) of WBCs related to G1
during 1st lactation period. While, rabbits
administered seeds (G3) and germinated (G4) fenugreek were recorded significant
elevation (p<0.05) of WBCs related to control (G1) group during 2nd lactation
period.
In general, fenugreek treated groups (G3, G4 & G5) were demonstrated
higher WBCS values in 2nd lactation period in comparing with the values of 1st
lactation one.6- Phagocytic activity (%) of lactating rabbits:
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Rabbits treated with different forms of fenugreek (G3, G4 & G5) were
recorded significantly marked values (p<0.05) of phagocytic activity in both 1st
and 2nd lactation period in comparison with both control groups.
7- Phagocytic index of lactating rabbits:
Overall, fenugreek treated groups especially the oil treated one (G5) were
showed highly significant values (p<0.05) of phagocytic index.
8- Neutrophils percent of lactating rabbits:
The statistically significant (p<0.05) higher values of neutrophilis in
fenugreek treated groups mainly during the 1st lactation period in correlation with
both control groups (G1 & G2).
9- Lymphocyte percent of lactating rabbits:
Fenugreek treated groups (G3, G4 & G5) recorded noticeable (p<0.05) lesser
values of Lymphocyte in relative to both control groups (G1 & G2) during 1st and
2nd lactation periods.
10- Monocytes percent of lactating rabbits:
Fenugreek seeds ingested group (G3) showed a marked (p<0.05)
monocytes elevation relative to other groups during both 1st and 2nd lactation
periods.
11- Eosinophils percent of lactating rabbits:
Fenugreek seeds treated group (G3) was recorded an obvious rise (p<0.05)
in eosinophilis in comparison with other groups during both 1st and 2nd lactation
periods
12- Red blood corpuscles of lactating rabbits:
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Generally, fenugreek seeds (G3) and germinated one (G4) treated groups
were showed a significant elevation (p<0.05) in the RBCs relative to other groups
during both 1st and 2nd lactation periods.
13- Packed cell volume of lactating rabbits:
In general, lactating rabbits treated with fenugreek seeds (G3) and
germinated one (G4) showed higher percentages of PCV compared to values of
other groups during both 1st and 2nd lactation periods.
14- Hemoglobin concentration of lactating rabbits.
Lactating rabbits administered fenugreek seeds (G3) and germinated one
(G4) groups were recorded significant (p<0.05) higher values of Hb concentration
particularly in 1st lactation period in comparison with other groups.
15- Mean corpuscular volume of lactating rabbits
Differences in the values of the mean corpuscular volume recorded were
insignificant between the tested groups either in the 1st lactation period or the 2nd
lactation one.
16- Mean corpuscular hemoglobin of lactating rabbits:
Fenugreek treated groups (G3, G4 & G5) recorded marked elevations in
mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p<0.05) relative to both control groups (G1 & G2)
chiefly in the 1st lactation period.
17- Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of lactating
rabbits:
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration values recorded a marked
elevation (p<0.05) in fenugreek treated groups (G3, G4 & G5) relative to both
control groups (G1 & G2). Such elevations were more pronounced in the 1st
lactation period
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18-Ultrasonography of mammary gland:
a- Ultrasonographic representation of mammary gland cistern using 8 MHz linear
probe of control group showing small anechoic region which represents the small
size of mammary cistern.
b- Ultrasonographic representation of mammary gland cistern using 4 MHz
convex probe of control group showing small circular anechoic region which
represents the small size of mammary cistern.
c- Ultrasonographic representation of mammary gland cistern using 8 MHz linear
probe of treated group showing large anechoic region which represents the large
size of mammary cistern.
d- Ultrasonographic representation of mammary gland cistern using 8 MHz linear
probe of treated group showing large anechoic region which represents the large
size of mammary cistern. (W 10.2 @ H 3.34).