الفهرس 
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Abstract
Biochemical effect of some antidepressant drugs on brain and liver enzymes in rabbits were investigated. This study was carried out on 60, two months old male New-Zealand white rabbits and weighed 1.5 - 2 Kgms. Rabbits were housed in separate metal cages under the same environmental and nutritional conditions through the period of investigation. Three antidepressant drugs one of the tricyclic antidepressant (Amitriptyline); one of the heterocyclic antidepressants namely (Maprotiline) and one of serotonergic agent (Fluoxetine) were chosen and used in this study. The experimental rabbits were received the drugs orally and daily for one, two and four weeks.
Rabbits of both (control and experimental groups) were sacrificed periodically after one, two and four weeks from the onset of drug administration.
Brain and liver were immediately removed, washed several times with saline and blotted between two damp filter papers, weighed and then processed directly for enzymes determination.
About 0.5 gm of brain and liver tissue (accurately weighed) were homogenized with 5-nil phosphate buffer then centrifuged at 3000 r.p.m. For 20 minutes. The supernatant layer was removed and processed later for enzyme determination.
All brain and liver tissue homogenate were subjected for the determination of following enzymes:
1. Monoamine oxidase(MA0).
2.Cholinesterase (ChE).
3.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
4.5’ -Nucleotidase (5’ -NT).
5.Creatine kinase (CK). The obtained results can be summarized as follow:
Brain monoamine oxidase:
Administration of Amitriptyline to normal rabbits induced a very
highly significant decrease in brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity after one week of administrations. This decrease became highly significant after two weeks. However, the activity of MAO was unchanged after four weeks of treatment.
Brain monoamine oxidase activity demonstrated a highly significant decrease after administration of Maprotiline a long the three periods of experiments.
Fluoxetine caused a non significant decrease of MAO activity after one week of treatment, this decrease become significant after two weeks and highly significant after four weeks, when compared with the control group.
Liver monoamine oxidase:
Amitriptyline caused a very highly significant decrease in liver
Monoamine oxidase activity (MAO) after one week of treatment. This decrease became highly significant after two weeks and non-significant after four weeks of drug administration.
A very highly significant decrease of liver MAO activity was observed after one week of Maprotiline administration this decrease became non significant after two and four weeks.
Administration of Fluoxetine resulted in a very highly siL_niificant decrease in liver MAO activity after one and four weeks of administration. This decrease became significant after two weeks in comparison with the non-treated control group.
Brain cholinesterase:
Amitriptyline, Maprotiline and Fluoxetine administrations caused a very highly significant increase in brain cholinesterase activity a long the three period of experiment.
Liver cholinesterase:
Liver cholinesterase activity showed a very highly significant increase after administration of Amitriptyline, Maprotiline and Fluoxetine a long the three periods of experiment.
Brain alkaline phosphatase:
Administration of Amitriptyline to normal rabbits induced a significant increase in brain alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) after one and two weeks of administration; this increase became non-significant
after four weeks.
Brain alkaline phosphatase activity demonstrated a highly significant increase after administration of Maprotiline and Fluoxetine a long the three periods of experiment.
Liver alkaline phosphatase:
Amitriptyline hydrochloride caused a non significant increase of ALP activity after one week of administration, this increase became markedly significant after two and four weeks when compared with the control group.
A non significant increase in the value of liver ALP activity was reported after one and two weeks of Maprotiline administration, this increase became very highly significant after four weeks of
administration.
Liver ALP activity demonstrated a highly significant decrease after
one and two weeks of Fluoxetine administration. This decrease became significant after four weeks in comparison with control group.
Brain 5’-N ucleotidase:
A highly significant decrease of brain 5’-Nucleotidase (5’ - NT)
activity was observed after one week of Amitriptyline administration, this decrease became very highly significant after four weeks. No significant change was recorded after two weeks of drug administrations. Maprotiline caused a significant decrease in brain 5’ -NT activity after one week of administration, this decrease became very highly significant after two and four weeks of drug administration. Brain 5’-Nucleotidase (5-NT) activity demonstrated a very highly significant decrease after administration of Fluoxetine hydrochloride a long the three periods of experiments when compared with the control group.
Liver 5*-Nucleotidase:
Amitriptyline caused a significant decrease in liver 5’-Nucleotidase
(5’ -NT) activity after one week of administration. This decrease became very highly significant after two and four weeks of drug administration. A very highly significant decrease in liver 5’-Nucleotidase activity was observed after one week of Fluoxetine administration. However. after two weeks of treatment liver 5’-NT revealed a non-significant increase. On the other hand, after four weeks of Fluoxetine administration the value of 5’-NT activity revealed a non-significant decrease when compared with the control value.
Brain creatine kinase:
Amitriptyline caused a very highly significant increase in brain creatine kinase (CK) activity after one week of drug administration. This increase became significant after two weeks. However, no significant change in brain CK activity was observed after four weeks of administration in comparison with control group.
A very highly significant increase in brain CK activity was
reported after Maprotiline administration a long the three periods of experiment.
Administration of Fluoxetine resulted in significant decrease in brain CK activity after one week. This decrease became very highly significant after two and four weeks of administration. Liver creatine kinase:
Amitriptyline administration induced a non-significant decrease in
liver creatine kinase activity after one and four weeks. This decrease became very highly significant after two weeks of experiment. A non-significant decrease in liver creatine kinase (CK) activity was observed after administration of Maprotiline and Fluoxetine a long the three periods of experiment in comparison with the control group.