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Abstract Summary Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is the most common pediatric urological complaint encountered by primary care physicians. Despite its prevalence, nocturnal enuresis remains incompletely understood, which can frustrate patients, family members, and physicians. PNE is a genetically determined maturational disorder of the central nervous system. Lack of arousal together with an inhibition deficit of the micturition reflex have been found as the main dysfunctions leading to wetting during sleep. Both reflexes are mediated by nuclei in the brainstem. In recent years, an electrophysiological evidence of delayed maturation in central nervous system functions has been shown in nocturnal enuretics. Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs) are brain responses induced by the presence of auditory stimuli. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a neurophysiological study that provides functional information about the auditory system and brainstem. ERP components are related to successive stages in information-processing, from the strictly sensory to the highest integrative levels. |