الفهرس 
Diabetes MellitusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
to study the behavioral and the psychological disturbances in preschool, school aged, and adolescent type 1 diabetic patients and its relation to glycemic control and microvascular complications. Methods: A cross sectional case- control study was conducted on 60 children, and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. They were recruited from Diabetes Clinic, Children Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt during the period from January 2011 to January 2013: 20 preschool aged 3 to 6 years, 10 females and 10 males, 20 school aged; 7 to 12 years, 12 females and 8 males, and 20 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years, 13 females and 7 males. Control group included 60 healthy subjects with comparable age and sex, 29 females and 31 males, subdivided into three similar groups. All patients were subjected to clinical assessment and glucose monitoring, mean glycated hemoglobin, and urinary microalbumin, behavioral and psychological assessment using a questionnaire: Pediatric behavior rating scale; appropriate for use in children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years. Results: revealed that all patients had behavioral disturbances namely atypical behavior (P=0.0001), irritability (P=0.0001), grandiosity (P=0.0001), aggressive behavior (P=0 .003), affect disorder (P=0.0001), disturbed social interaction (P=0.0001) when compared to controls. Atypical behavior (P=0.003), irritability (P=0.0001), affect disorder (P=0.003) were significantly increased in school aged patients compared to controls while in adolescent patients irritability (P=0.023) was significantly increased. Hyperactivity was increased in school aged diabetic children compared to diabetic preschool children and adolescents (P=0.037). Disturbed social interaction was clinically evident in optimally controlled diabetic patients when compared to suboptimally controlled patients (P=0.009). Conclusions: behavioral and psychological problems are common in type 1 diabetes in different age groups and may influence their glycemic control and compliance to treatment suggesting the potential value of interventions that address child behavior.