الفهرس 
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Abstract
I’ Concerning the three layers problem, the general linear tri-potential
electrode arrangement, in which the distances between the successive electrodes
are ”a.”, ”a,”, and ”a,”, is modified to a more general arrangement in which
”a” ”a” and ”a ” are replaced by ”m a” ”m a” and ”m a” where ”m” ”m”
1,2 3 I, 2 3, I, 2
and ”m,” are numbers. Accordingly three general apparent resistivities equations
arededuced namely; (PAex / PI), (PAf3 / PI) and (PAY / PI) corresponding to the
(o-, (3- and -y-) tri-potential configurations respectively. Using these equations,
three general derivatives, for the general tri-potential arrangement, are deduced
namely; (ay’; ax)ex, (ay / ax)f3 and (ay / ax)\ where: y = (PA / PI), x = (a /
h) and ”PI” & ”h” are the electrical resistivity and thickness of the first layer”
In this work three electrode arrangements namely ; W enner, Schlumberger
and [A - 3A - A] are used, where the third one is introduced by the writer. The
general tri-potential (PA / PI)- and (ay / ax)- equations which correspond to each
of these arrangements are obtained. These equations, with a specially prepared
computer program, are used to compute sets of standard curves corresponding
to the three arrangements.
Also two electrical sounding methods of interpretation are introduced and
checked namely; the ”Cross Over Point”- and the ”Maximum- / Minimum-
Gradient”- methods. These two methods are applicable in case of three earths
layers only and are useful to carry out the interpretation of apparent tri-potential
resistivity data, since there is a lack in such methods.
A model tank experiment (using three models) is constructed to obtain the
different sets of experimental data required for testing the reliabilities.