الفهرس 
Introduction to the blowout preventerOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
On 20 April 20 I 0 the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry occured which is known as (Deep water Horizon Oif Spiff). Tt resulted an oil spill stemmed from a sea-floor oil gusher which led to total spill about five million barrels and the rig explosion killed II men working on the platform and injured 17 others ; another 98 people survive without serious physical injury. The disaster was a result of cost-cutting and time saving decisions, but attention has focused on the cementing procedure and the blowout preventer, which failed to fully engage. A number of significant problems have been identified in the blowout preventer hydraulic system, operation and ~ecommended maintenance schedule.The Blowout Preventer (BOP) system is safety critical, and is an integral part of the drilling system. On a subsea drilling system, the Bap system is located between the wellhead and the riser. It is designed to assist in well control and to rapidly shut in the well in the event that the well starts to flow due to an influx of uncontrolled flow kicks gushing from a well reservoir during drilling. Kicks can lead to a potentially catastrophic event known as a blowout. This thesis introduces how BOP works, its different types, surface BOP control systems; Subsea Bap control systems and the variance between each other. Also an overview is given for the different conventional types of Bap ram locking devices of the most wide spread companies. The thesis also presents a study is for a new design of a Hydraulically Spring-Assisted Lock within the so called Blind Shear Ram (BSR) for Subsea BOP body mechanism. The BSR allows the BOP to be locked in its position, to control the flow of well fluids. So it is considered to be a safety device that holds the BOP in closed position when the hydraulic pressure is lost.