الفهرس 
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Abstract
Bacteremic infections are amajor cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients, bacteremia is now the second most common cause of death in the hemodialysis population. Hemodialysis patients have frequent infection, especially of the vascular access site, which often harbor antimicrobial resistant organisms. These infections and specifically infectious complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the hemodialysis population. The risk of infections varies substantially among vascular access types. Our study was conducted on fifty hemodialysis patients from Ain Shams University Hospitals.
It aimed to study the incidence of bacteremia in dual lumen catheters in patients involved in the present study according to either the social condition of patients (residence, education degree and hygiene) or the healthy condition of patients (anaemic, uremic and diabetic), catheter sites and duration of catheterization. As well as the common causative organisms and nephrologist prescription habits in order to establish a protocol for management of vascular access infection for new patients starting hemodialysis.
In our work the rate of bacteremia related to catheters CRB=13(26%) bacteremia not related to catheters CAB=11(22%) no bacteremia 26(52%).
Risky cause of bacteremia related to catheters (CRB) diabetis mellitus mainly (8 out of 16 =54%) & organism with diabetic patients CRB: 3 episodes coagulase negative staph (CNS) 2 episodes streptococci and one of klebsiella, candida and MRSA. Hemodialysis centers factors (staff hygiene, infection control, filter type and dialysate type) are impilicated in the development of bacteremia in hemodialysis patients. In the present study, there were significant (p≤0.05) association between occurrence of bacteremia and patients (residence, education degree and hygiene), CRP, DM, anaemia, uremia, TLC and type of infected organism). And non significant (p≥0.05) association between occurrence of bacteremia and (gender, catheter site, number of catheter applicated to the patient, cause of ESRD and S.creatinine).
from the present study there were significant (p≤0.05) association between catheter days and DM. And non significant (p≥0.05) association with bacteremia and type of infected organism.