الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 193 |  |  |
| | | from | 193 | | |
Abstract
Experiment:
110 two weeks old unsexed Ross (308) broiler chicks were used to investigate the effect of black seed , sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride , coriander seed, acetylsalicylic acid and Vit.C as antiheat stressors on behaviors, performance, carcass quality, and some blood parameters of broiler. broiler were equally divided into 6 groups, each group included 18 chicks .Experimented broiler were exposed to heat stress from 14th day age till 42nd day (3rd ,4th, 5th and 6th weeks) as they were housed under heat stress temperatures 34ºC.
1- Broiler behaviors:
1-1-Ingestive behavior:
a- Feeding behavior
Birds which fed diet contain black seed, sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride, coriander seed and acetylsalicylic acid displayed significantly (p<0.05) more feeding than those fed control diet. However, birds fed diet contain Vit.C showed a non significant increase in their feeding behavior. this result was indicated the positive role of different treatment substance in elevation the negative effect of heat stress on broiler feeding intake behaviors.
b- Drinking behavior
There was a positive role of black seed and vit.C groups in alleviation the negative effect of heat stress on broiler drinking behavior and failure of other groups in alleviation it. This result may be due to the a non significant decrease in drinking frequency between birds fed diet contain black seed and vit.C groups and control group.
c- Water to feed intake ratio
The different treatments groups showed a significant decrease of water to feed intake ratio which lead to a positive role of treatment substances in alleviation the negative effect of heat stress.
1-2- Resting behavior:
Crouching frequency during experimental period had a non significant increase in case of black seed, sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride and acetylsalicylic acid groups and non significant decrease in case of coriander seed, and vit.C compare with control one which showed the positive role of black seed, sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride and acetylsalicylic in alleviation the negative effect which caused by heat stress.
1-3- Movement activities:
Black seed diet groups showed a helpful role in alleviation the negative effect of heat stress on movement behaviors. While there was no role of treatment substances in alleviation the negative effect of heat stress on standing behaviors.
1-4- Social behavior:
Birds fed diet contain black seed, sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride, coriander seed, acetylsalicylic acid and vit.C showed a significant decrease in social behavior compare to control group. This explained the positive role of treatments in alleviation the negative effect of heat stress on agonistic behaviors.
1-5-Comfort behaviors:
The negative effect of heat stress on broiler comfort behavior can be alleviated by addition the black seed, sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride and acetylsalicylic acid in their diet.
1-6- Panting behavior:
Black seed, sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride, coriander seed, acetylsalicylic acid and vit.C in broiler diet can alleviated the negative effect of heat stress on broiler panting behaviors.
1-7- Non aggressive behavior
a- Ground and inanimate pecking behavior
There is no role of these treatments in elevation of the negative effect of heat stress on ground and inanimate pecking behavior.
b- Feather pecking behavior
There are positive role of sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride, vit.C and coriander seed in alleviation of the negative effect of heat stress on Feather pecking behavior.
There was a positive role of treatment substances in alleviation of the negative effect of heat stress on broiler
Body weight, body weight gain and Feed intake feed conversion ratio, live body weight at slaughter, dressing percentage, spleen weight , bursa weight , gGizzard weight , pancreas weight , liver weight , heterophil percentage, Lymphocyte percentage, Heterophil/Lymphocyte ratio, esenophiles percentage, monocytes percentage, basophile percentage , serum phosphorus level, serum total proteins , glucose level , cholesterol level Triglyceride level, Triiodothyronine (T3) level , Tetraiodothyronine level (T4) , Corticosterone level.
1) Black seed group have all the previous in addition to bursa percentage, improvement of taste and over acceptability sensory meat characters of breast and thigh muscle and significant decrease of jejunum and caecal total colony count.
2) Sodium bicarbonate plus potassium chloride group had the ability to alleviate the negative effect of heat stress in all of the above except gizzard Wight.
3) Coriander seed group all of the above in addition to the significant decrease of caecal total colony count.
4) acetylsalicylic acid group had the ability to alleviation of the negative effect of heat stress in all of the above and it had decrease in taste, tenderness, over acceptable and juiciness in breast muscle.
5) Vit.C only all of the above.
Treatment substances failure in alleviation of the negative effect of heat stress on broiler
Slaughter weight, carcass weight, heart weight, liver percentage, heart percentage, gizzard percentage, serum calcium level, calcium/ phosphorus ratio, serum albumin, serum globulin, Albumin/ Globulin ratio , duodenum and ileum total colony count, (colors, odor and palatability sensory meat characters of breast and thigh muscle ) in addition to ( tenderness, juiciness sensory meat characters of thigh muscle )