الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate hypolipidemic activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa in induced hyperlipidemic rats.
Study lasted for one month and was carried out on a total of 40 male albino rats 90±10 days old that were divided equally into eight groups (5 rats) per each group as follow:
Group I: control group: kept on basal ration.
Group II: Hibiscus group: kept on basal ration and Hibiscus sabdariffa extract at dose of 2000mg/ kg.
Group III: Atorvstatin group: kept on basal ration and Atorvstatin at dose of 10mg! kg
Group IV: Hibiscus+Atorvstatin group: kept on basal ration + Hibiscus + Atorvstatin.
Group V: hyperlipidemia or control positive: kept on basal ration and hyperlipidemia was induced via intraperotineal injection of triton at dose of 250mg/kg/3 times/week.
Group VI: Hibiscus + triton group: kept on basal ration +Hibiscus and hyperlipidemia was induced via triton injection.
Group VII: Atorvstatin + triton group: kept on basal ration + Atorvstatin and hyperlipidemia was induced via triton injection.
Group VIII: Hibiscus + Atorvstatin +triton group: kept on basal ration + Hibiscus+Atorvstatin and hyperlipidemia was induced via triton injection
Blood samples were collected from eye canthus of rats of all groups after one month and serum was separated for determination of:
• Serum lipid profile and calculation of atherogenic indices.
• Liver functions.
• Serum glucose level.
• Kidney functions.
Liver tissues were collected for evaluation of:
• Liver weight and liver! body weight (%)
• Hepatic lipid profile
• Lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzymes (Catalase and Glutathione peroxidase).
Heart, liver& Aorta were taken for
• Tissue histopathology
Our results and Statistical analysis revealed the following:
1- Injection of triton in rats induced hyperlipidemia. As, it significantly increased serum TC, TG, vLDL-c and LDL-c while, it markedly
decreased HDL-c as compared to control group.
2- Treatment with HSE alone or in combination with Atorvstatin showed potent hypolipidemic activity than Atorvstatin monotherapy.
3- Hyperlipidemic rats had high atherogenic indices
4- Treatment of hyperlipidemic rats with HSE, Atorvstatin and their combination lowered these indices. Moreover, HSE and its combination with Atorvstatin gave more protection than Atorvstatin alone.
5- Liver weight was significantly increased in hyperhpidemic rats.
However, the addition of HSE, Atorvstatin and their combination
sigmficantly decreased this increase.
6-Hepatic lipid profile was significantly increased in hyperlipidemic rats while, treatment with HSE, Atorvstatin and their combination markedly
lowered this increase.
7-There were significant increase in lipid-peroxidation and a significant decrease in hepatic activities of antioxidant enzymes (Catalase and Glutathione peroxidase) and reduced glutathione concentration in hyperlipidemic rats
8-Treatment of hyperlipidemic rats with HSE, Atorvstatin and their combination significantly decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation while hepatic activities of CATand GPx and concentration of GSH were significantly increased.
9-Hyperlipidemia resulted in liver insufficiency as indicated by I significant decrease in serum levels of TP, Aib, globulin and A!G ratio
and marked increase in liver enzyme activities.
8- Treatment with HSE, Atorvstatin and their combination was able to I improve liver function as serum levels of TP, Alb and globulin was
increased while liver enzyme activities were decreased.
9-Hyperlipidemic rats had a high blood glucose level, and treatment either with HSE, Atorvstatin or their combination significantly decreased serum glucose level. Also, HSE and Atorvstatin combination showed better hypoglycemic activity as compared to Atorvstatin.
10- Kidney functions (serum urea and uric acid) were significantly increased in hyperlipidemic rats however, treatment with HSE, Atorvstatin and combination of them lowered seum levels of urea and
uric acid.
11- Liver tissues of the (control, Hibiscus, Atorvstatin and Hibiscus+Atorvstatin groups): showed normal histological criteria of the hepatic cords and hepatocytes. The heart also revealed normal histological structures of muscular walls and blood vessels. While, in hyperlipidemic rats liver and heart tissues showed, marked fatty change of the heatpatocyes and fatty degeneration of heart muscle. Moreover, the aorta and large blood vessels of the heart revealed fatty vacuoles
12- Liver, heart and aorta from rats treated with HSE, and its combination with Atorvstatin showed milder fatty changes as compared to hyperlipidemic rats and Atorvstatin monotherapy.