الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Conservative breast therapy is a safe procedure in well selected patients of early breast cancer. Deformities after CBT occur in substantial portion of patients because of improper scar orientation, lack of cavity closure after resection, and the effect of postoperative radiotherapy. The balance between the safe resection and keeping esthetically accepted results is challenging.
Oncoplastic procedures combine the well standardized plastic surgery techniques to oncological tumor resection. The techniques included simple volume displacement, reduction mammaplasty techniques, and replacement with local and distant flaps.
The aim of this study was to evaluate different techniques of oncoplastic surgery for immediate reconstruction of defects following resection of tumors of the upper half of the breast. The technical aspects were explored, feasibility of resection was judged and the outcome in the terms of resection volume, margin involvement, complications, esthetical results and patient’s satisfaction, was declared.
Thirty female patients with early breast cancer (stage I, II according to TNM classification 2006); submitted to oncoplastic surgery for breast cancer in the Main University and Medical Research Institute hospitals of Alexandria University between 2007 and 2012,who had tumors located in the upper half of the breast, with criteria compatible with conservative breast surgery were presented.
Patients who preferred mastectomy, with tumor mass larger than 5 cm, metastatic disease, inflammatory breast carcinoma and multiple tumors were excluded. The choice of procedure was made according to the size of the defect in relation to the size of the breast and the position of tumor. Wide local excision with a safety margin of at least one centimeter all around the palpable edge of the tumor was included in resection. The specimen weight was recorded. Surgical margins were determined by histological examination of frozen sections of the breast specimens in the operating room. A macroscopic tumor–margin distance of less than 10 mm and a microscopic tumor–margin distance of less than 2mm were considered compromising. In both situations, the margin(s) in question was (were) re-excised.
The shape, appearance and positions of the NAC and symmetry of the two breasts were evaluated. The esthetic evaluation of these categories was performed by an independent