الفهرس 
Structural And Mechanical Properties Of Anterior cruciate ligamentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The ACL is a band of dense connective tissue that connects the femur and
the tibia. The ligament is intraarticular but extra-synovial. The ligament
originates at the medial side of the lateral femoral condyle and runs an
oblique course through the intercondylar fossa distal–anterior–medial to
the insertion at the medial tibial eminence. The ACL has been shown to
be primary restraint to anterior tibial translation and secondary restraint to
internal rotation of the knee.
Anatomic ACL reconstruction must be defined as the
reconstruction in which all 4 ends of 2 tendon grafts are grafted at the
center of the anatomical attachment of the anteromedial (AM) and
posterolateral (PL) bundles not on1y on the femur but also on the tibia.
When the normal knee was subjected to a combined rotatory load,
the in situ force of the PL bundle was 67% of the AM bundle at 15°.
These studies suggested the importance of the PL bundle as a stabilizer
against anterior and rotatory loads, especially when the knee is near the
extension position, which is used in athletic activities.
2-bundle reconstruction provides better stability of the knee
compared with the 1-bundle reconstruction under an anterior tibial load of
100 N.