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Abstract The work recorded in this thesis deals with construction, characterization and applications of the new potentiometric sensors for the determination of some active components as pharmaceutical and biological compounds. It is consists of four chapters covered by many reference some Tables and several illustrations. Chapter (1) In this chapter, a literature survey was reported including the following items:- A) Definition, nomenclature and preparation of hydrazones. B) Importance of hydrazones and their metal complexes in the following fields of applications. 1- Biological and pharmaceutical application, anti-tumor, anti-mycobacterial and anti-microbial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, hydrazones in treatment of iron over – load diseases, anti material and anticonvulsant. 2- Catalytic application in many fields such as polymerization processes and some chemical reactions. Include historical introduction covering the various types of ion selective membrane sensors, their theoretical basis, mechanism of response and applications. Solid, gas and liquid sensors have been described. Chapter (2) Nickel membrane sensors using DOP and DOS plasticizer have been prepared, based on 4-amino-N-benzylidene as an ionophore. The sensors exhibited a linear response with mean calibration graph slopes of 29.5 and 28.5 mV decade-1 at 25 °C for DOP and DOS electrodes respectively, with the concentration ranges 1x10-2 -1x10-6 M for DOP and DOS electrode respectively. The electrodes were fully characterized in terms of composition, usable pH range, life span and response time. The electrodes showed very good selectivity for nickel with respect to some inorganic and organic cations and other related compounds. Use of the sensors for the assay of formulation of nickel in water samples. Significantly improved response time, stability, selectivity, accuracy, simple, and low cost are offered by potentiometric sensors compared with other standard methods. Chapter (3) Salicylate membrane sensors of conventional and carbon paste have been prepared, and potassium tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoro-methyl) phenyl]borate (KTFPB) as an anionic additive was added . The sensors exhibited a linear response with mean calibration graph slopes of -59.5 and -58.4 mV decade-1 at 25 °C for conventional and carbon paste electrodes respectively, with the concentration ranges 1x10-2-1x10-5 M for conventional and carbon paste electrode respectively. The electrodes fully characterized in terms of composition, usable pH range, life span and response time. The electrodes showed very good selectivity for Salicylate ion with respect to some inorganic and organic cations and other related compounds. Use of the sensors for the assay of formulation of Salicylate drug, show a mean average recovery of 101.5 % and a mean precision value of ± 0.4. Significantly improved response time, stability, selectivity, accuracy, simple, and low cost are offered by potentiometric sensors compared with other standard methods. Chapter (4) Cobalt membrane sensors using DOP and DOS plasticizer have been prepared. The sensors exhibit a linear response with a mean calibration graph slopes of 29.5 and 28.5 mV decade-1 at 25 °C for DOP and DOS electrodes respectively, with the concentration ranges 1x10-2 -1x10-6 M for DOP and DOS electrode respectively. The electrodes were fully characterized in terms of composition, usable pH range, life span and response time. The electrodes showed a very good selectivity for cobalt with respect to some inorganic and organic cations and other related compounds. Use of the sensors for the assay of formulation of cobalt in water samples. Significantly improved response time, stability, selectivity, accuracy, simple, and low cost are offered by potentiometric sensors compared with other standard methods. |