الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of the work is:
Evaluations of the touch imprint technique of testicular biopsy:
1- As rapid and thorough method of identification of mature spermatozoa intraoperatively to prove ductal obstruction for one-stage biopsy and anastomosis in azoospermic patients.
2- Spermatogenesis in azoospermis patients.
In is concluded that touch imprint is a rapid, accurate, and reliable method in identification all the spermatogenic series and documenting the presence of mature intact spermatozoa intraoperatively. Therefore, a microsurgical correction can be planned for promptly in cases of obstructive azoospermia. Moreover, application of touch imprint pre-parathions in conjunction with routine paraffin section testis biopsy is essential for differentiating cases of lat spermatid arrest from cases with normal spermatogenesis, a distinction that is sometimes difficult in routine paraffin section examination. In other word many cases which would be interpreted wrongly as obstructive azoospermia in routine paraffin or frozen section will be saved from non indicated surgical interference. This may in turn improve the results and rates of success for microsurgical correction.
However, touch imprint technique, is not recommended to replace the routine paraffin section testis biopsy as it does not demonstrate the state of the interstitial, basement membrane, cases with hypospermatogenesis. In addition, further evaluation of this technique should be considered to correlate the sperm density in such preparations with the state of sperm production.
Finally, it is worth to say that such technique should be employed as a main part in every testis biopsy done for evaluation of an azoospermic patient.