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Abstract Eosinophils are tissue-dwelling and inflammatory leukocytes. They participate in host defense particularly in immunity to helminthes. The only non-hematopoietic organ to contain eosinophils under normal conditions is the gastrointestinal tract, and their distribution is not homogeneous throughout the digestive tract. Resident gastrointestinal eosinophils evoke neither inflammatory reactions nor tissue damage, but under inflammatory conditions, they induce irreversible tissue damage. Eosinophilic gastroinorderstestinal diseases are rare disorders characterized by the association with increased gastrointestinal eosinophilic infiltrates without any underlying primary etiology. Eosinophilic mucosal infiltration produces nonspecific symptoms which depend upon the organ(s) involved. The entire gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to colon, including bile ducts, can be affected, with the cecal and appendiceal region having the highest concentrations. |