الفهرس 
introduction
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Abstract
The present study aimed to improve tolerance of wheat grown under
stressful conditions of heat, chilling or drought stress using bacterial priming
which represent an ecofriendly and cheap technology. The study aimed also
to understand the impact of bacterial priming on wheat through
characterizing plants phenotypes and studying several biochemical and
molecular stress related mechanisms.
Pot experiments were conducted under fully controlled environment in order
to study the effect of bacterial priming using two plant growth promoting
Rhizobacteria strains, Bacillus amyloliqucjacicns5113 and Azospirillum
brasilense N040 on two wheat cultivars, Olivin (winter wheat) and Sids I
(spring wheat) grown under heat, chilling or drought stress conditions. To
evaluate the impact of bacterial priming on stressed wheat, seedlings, plant
growth parameters (survival%, fresh and dry weights and water contents),
measuring the activities of some enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione redox
cycle and the expression levels of some molecular stress marker genes
(APXl, S’AMSl and HSP17.8) were determined. Furthermore,
Transcriptornics, proteomics and metabolomics analyses were conducted in
order to provide more detailed information about the priming and stress
tolerance mechanisms.