الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nine representative samples from vesicular fluid were collected from different governorates ( El Giza , EL Fayoum, Kafr el sheikh, El Sharkia, Ismailia, Alexandria, El Fayoum ,El behira, El Menofia) during 2011. Application of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction( RT-PCR) using universal primer sets ( p32, p33) which is corresponding to highly conserved region of 2B sequence were applied. Then followed by FMD VP1 based RT-PCR using serotype specific primers( P33- p38) for serotype O and ( A-1C562F and EUR 2B R) for serotype A. Eight samples out of nine were positive for detection of FMD by using universal primer sets, six sample were positive for serotype O in serotype specific RT-PCR. And by using serotype A specific primers ( A1C562, EUR-2B52R) eight samples were positive. The specific RT-PCR products were subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing , Blast searches , multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 nucleotide sequence. The detected virus A were closely related to A-Iran 2005.
While viruses of serotype O were belong to the middle east south Africa topotype and were closely related to the viruses circulating in the Middle east. The isolates were characterized by both antigen detection ELISA and virus neutralization tests