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Abstract This study included 63 individuals divided into three groups: Group I: 21 patients with CRF on conservative treatment. Group II: 21 patients with CRF on regular hemodialysis. Group III: 21 apparently healthy subjects of matched age and sex (as control group). All patients and controls were subjected to the following investigations: Routine investigations: 1- Fasting blood glucose level (FBG). 2- Renal function tests (serum urea and creatinine). 3- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, serum albumin and total protein). 4- Lipid profile (serum total cholesterol and triglycerides). 5- CBC. 6- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). 7- C- reactive protein (CRP). Special investigations: 1- plasma Ghrelin level by Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA). Results of different groups were compared with each other and 2- were summarized as follows: 3- 1- Group I and group II had statistically significant decrease in 4- BMI when compared to group III (P-value = 0.001). 5- 2- There was a statistically significant reduction in hemoglobin (Pvalue 6- <0.001), total protein (P-value <0.001, P-value = 0.03) and 7- albumin (P-value <0.001). when comparing group I and II to group III. 8- 3- There was a statistically significant elevation in CRP (P-value 9- <0.001, P-value = 0.002 ), 1st hour ESR (P-value <0.001) and 2nd hour 10- ESR (P-value <0.001). when comparing group I and II to group III. 11- 4- There was a statistically significant elevation in urea (P-value 12- <0.001), creatinine (P-value <0.001) and plasma ghrelin (P-value 13- <0.001). when comparing group I and II to group III. 14- 5- There was a statistically significant negative correlation between 15- plasma ghrelin and albumin in group I (r = -0.52 , P-value =0. 01) and 16- group II (r = -0.78 , P-value <0.001) and total protein in group II ( r = - 17- 0.62 , P-value =0. 003). 18- 6- There was a statistically significant positive correlation between 19- plasma ghrelin and creatinine in group II (r = 0.54 , P-value =0. 01) |