الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is defined as the detection of HBV DNA in the serum and/or liver tissue of patients who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with or without the presence of HBV antibodies outside the acute phase window period.
Occult HBV infection can be transmitted by blood transfusion and during organ transplantation. In addition, vertical (i.e. perinatal) transmission of HBV from a mother with occult HBV infection to offspring was reported in human subjects.
This study was conducted on five hundred volunteer blood donors that were seronegative HBsAg with or without HCV antibodies in El-Minia Regional Blood Transfusion Center in the period from January to June 2007, 324 were males (64.8%) and 176 were females (35.2%), their ages ranged between 18 and 55 years with mean age 23.5 ± 6.16 years, 245 were urban (49%) and 255 were rural (51%).
The volunteer blood donors were subjected to the following studies:
Full history taking with stress on history of elements playing role in transmission of HBV infection as previous blood transfusion, major operation within last year before the date of donation, minor operation as tooth extraction or wound sutures within last six months before the date of donation, drug addiction, alcohol intake and history of any liver disease, schistosomiasis or anti-schistosomal injection drugs (Tartar emetic).