الفهرس 
ACKNWLEDGEMENTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
To investigate the effect of using a gradually increasing orthodontic force on the rate of bone formation within the periodontium, a randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. The null hypothesis is that using a gradually increasing orthodontic force would induce a similar rate of bone formation compared to that induced by a relatively constant orthodontic force.
Ten healthy orthodontic patients, requiring the extractions of the maxillary first premolars and distal retraction of canines with the need of minimum anchorage requirements, were included in the study.