الفهرس 
Patent Ductus ArteriosusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
2 D echocardiography has been used as the modality of choice in diagnosis and adequate visualization of PDA for a long time, with the availability of real time 3D echocardiography recently and its impact on the diagnosis of congenital heart disease and visualizing vascular structures it was important to study 3D echocardiography value in diagnosing and visualizing the duct.
This study was performed in Ain Shams University hospitals for 42 patients with PDA referred for cardiac catheterization where all patients were subjected to adequate history taking, proper physical examination, 2D echocardiography, 3D echocardiography and angiography to visualize the duct.
The patients’ age ranged from 2 months to 14 years with mean of 3.7 ± 3.6 years, forty one patients had isolated PDA and one patient had a VSD too.
73% of the patients were females and 26% were males, all the patients performed 2D, 3D echocardiogarphic and angiographic evaluation of the PDA.
The PDA was assessed using the three modalities regarding the anatomical type of the duct according to Krichenko et al classification then the duct was measured in 3 dimensions the pulmonary end ,the length and the aortic end of the duct .
3D echocardiography determined the type of the duct using gated color flow Doppler with cropping of the images to get a 3D image simulating angiography of the duct then the duct was measured using Qlab offline analysis of the previously acquired volumes, the MPR mode measured the pulmonary end in 2 dimensions minor and major, the length and the aortic end were measured in a 2D guided 3D images.
The results of the analysis were then compared and the data statistically analyzed which revealed that 2D echocardiogarphic measurement of the pulmonary end correlated better with angiography as both measure the same dimension while 3D echocardiography measured it in 2 dimensions different than that measured by 2D echocardiography and angiography (measuring the pulmonary end at a different angle ),where the minor dimension underestimated the pulmonary end when compared to angiography and the major dimension overestimated the pulmonary end.
The aortic end and the length of the duct measured by both 2D and 3D echocardiography correlated well with angiography where 3D was better but that difference was not statistically significant.
Regarding the anatomical type of the duct both 2D and 3D correlated well with angiography with 84.8% of agreement between 3D and angiography and 85.7 % agreement between 2D and angiography, so both were comparable.
The study concluded that 3D echocardiography can be used as a complementary diagnostic tool to 2D echocardiography in patients with PDA especially before angiography to help decide the treatment plan.