الفهرس 
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Abstract
The administration of intravenous fluids is one of the most common and universal interventions in medicine. Crystalloid solutions are the most frequently chosen, by far, with normal saline and lactated Ringer’s both being frequent choice. Colloids are an alternative to crystalloids, with highly variable use depending on a myriad of clinical variables. There are fundamental differences between colloids and crystalloids in their formulation. Crystalloids are predominately based on a solution of sterile water with added electrolytes to approximate the mineral content of human plasma.
In ICU we have different types of patients with different clinical situations. The use of certain type of fluid may be beneficial, meanwhile the use of another type may be harmful. Patients with lung injury, kidney impairment, ketoacidosis or septic shock are examples for the patients frequently admitted to ICU. Each patient and each pathological condition has its own peculiarities.So, it is important to study the physiological changes of different diseases and the composition of different fluids to tailor fluid to different patients