الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF THE SHOULDER JOINTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Shoulder joint is anatomically complex joint having a great range of mobility. It is therefore subjected to injury and unstability. Moreover, shoulder pain, dislocation and limitation of movement are common problems.
Various imaging techniques are available for assessment of shoulder joint abnormalities including plain radiography, conventional arthrography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, MRI an MR arthrography. Magnetic resonance imaging provides superior multiplanar capability and exceptional soft tissue contrast so it has become the most important modality in diagnosis of shoulder joint diseases.
MR arthrography has been proved to increase the sensitivity of MRI for detecting labro-ligamentous complex and rotator cuff tendon abnormalities. High diagnostic accuracy is achieved on MR arthrography, because the contrast material distends the capsule, delineats the intra-articular structures, and outlines the contour of the labral and rotator cuff tears.
With this study, we have become convinced that the most important benefit of US in the examination of shoulders with recurrent anterior instability is the possibility to perform real-time scanning with dynamic movements of the transducer and the object. A combination of all three scanning approaches improved our diagnostic capability and accuracy in the detection of labral tears and associated fractures. We believe that, in many patients, US is the only imaging method besides conventional radiography that can be used in the assessment of anterior shoulder instability.
Joint instability can be evaluated by real time US, however MRI and better with arthrography which has sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
And sensitivity in assessment of labro-ligamentous complex tears.
43 patients were included in this study. The patients were imaged using conventional MRI and MR arthrography & US.