الفهرس 
Risk Factors of Colorectal CarcinomaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma is the third most common cancer in the world and the second most common cause of cancer related death.
The overall prognosis of colorectal carcinoma remains poor, despite the improving survival of patients with surgically operable tumors, and use of main conventional prognostic factors such as tumor stage, depth of tumor invasion and the presence of lymph node metastasis. So, attempts to find new biologic markers that could identify patients with poor prognosis remain under investigation.
COX-2 plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis via inhibiting cell apoptosis and regulating angiogenesis. Many studies suggest that COX-2 may contribute to colonic tumor genesis by promoting cell growth, new vessel formation, invasiveness, and metastatic potential. The prognostic role of COX-2 has been largely investigated in various human malignancies, such as breast cancer, gastric cancer and colon cancer.
The aim of this work is to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 in CRC and to correlate our results with different histopathologic parameters. The material of this study included formalin- fixed paraffin- embedded tissue samples of 20 cases of CRC, collected from the Pathology Department of both Ain Shams University Hospitals and Tanta Cancer Center. 4-5 µ sections from the blocks were submitted to routine haematoxylin and eosin staining for histopathological examination as regard stage and tumor type. Other sections were also cut on poly-L-lysine coated slides and submitted to immunohistochemical staining for COX-2. The primary antibody utilized was a mouse monoclonal antibody and the Universal Kit consisted of A biotinylated secondary anti immunoglobulin, Streptavidin- HRP and DAB chromogen. A manual staining procedure was done at room temperature, then each slide was examined and scored according to COX-2 immunostaining pattern which was either moderately positive or strongly positive staining.