الفهرس 
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Abstract
The thesis deals with the problem of reaching the optimum design of
steel piperacks.
Piperacks exist in different industrial structures, they are subjected to
external forces applied by pipes and wind.
The different constraints are taken into consideration to achieve a safe
and optimum solution. The design criteria of piperacks consider recent loads in additions to
future expansion conditions.
Optimum design of pipe racks means reaching of minimum cost of the
piperacks, which means reaching of minimum weight or minimum
volume of the piperacks.
Design of piperacks depends on both the clear span of intersection and
the clear head underneath it.
The design variables which govern the structure cost are frame
members cross-section dimensions which will be changed up to
reaching the optimum value within the constraints applied.
In this research, a model had been constructed using (ANSYS)
structural program. The model uses the (First order method) to carry
out the optimization process. The model was verified by applying it
to several pre-solved structural systems. Also, it was applied to
different practical piperacks systems. The model proved its ability to
be applied to similar structural problems.