الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is a common renal pediatric disorder and one of the commonest causes of secondary hyperlipidemia in children, with the risk of early development of atherosclerosis.
Adiponectin is a circulating cytokine exclusively expressed & secreted from adipocytes. It is a recently discovered protein hormone with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties, in contrast to other well known adipocytokines .
The purpose of this study that include 80 children ( 60 children with 1ry nephrotic syndrome and 20 healthy children as a control group ) was to study the changes in serum adiponectin in nephrotic syndrome and its relation to various metabolic risk factor of atherosclerosis .
In the present study children with N.S. were subjected to full history, clinical examination and laboratory assessment of adiponectin level, CBC, ESR,serum albumin,renal function and lipid profile.
In our study the children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome had higher adiponectin level compared to steroid responsive children and the difference was highly significant
Also we found that children with nephrotic syndrome had higher adipoinectin level, compared to those in the control group and the difference was highly significant.
There was strong positive correlation between serum adiponectin levels and cholesterol, triglycerides, ESR and proteinuria whereas serum albumin had strong inverse correlation with adiponectin level.
In conclusion:
In children with active nephrotic syndrome the high level of adiponectin may be a compensatory mechanism resulting mainly from proteinuria and plasma lipid abnormality in order to prevent the risk of early development of atherosclerosis.