الفهرس 
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Abstract
Learning disabilities is a generic term that refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities. These disorders are intrinsic to the individual and presumed to be due to central nervous system dysfunction (National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities, 1998). Little (1999) broadly classified learning disabilities into three main subtypes : 1- Language-based learning disabilities : These include any disabilities that affect language including problems in reading, spelling, and written composition. They are due to auditory-verbal processing difficulties. Broadly, reading disorders fall into two types : disorders of decoding and word identification at the word level (dyslexia) ; and disorders of reading comprehension that affect both single word and text comprehension (sometimes termed hyperlexia). Dyslexia is probably the most well known language based learning disability, and may be the most common. Often dyslexia is a part of a larger learning disability.