الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was a trial to study the effect of marbofloxacin on the reproductive system in male Albino rats. Moreover, some biochemical parameters and histopathological changes were also examined.
Forty five mature male Albino rats weighing from 140 – 180 gm each of 4 – 5 month old were used in this study.
The animals were divided into 3 equal groups each of 15 rats. The first and second groups were injected I/M for 5 consecuative days with marbofloxacin at the dose level of 7.2 mg / Kg B.Wt and 14.4 mg / Kg B.Wt. respectively. The third group was kept as control and injected I/M with 0.3 mL saline / rat for 5 consecutive days.
The obtained results showed that adminstration of marbofloxacin induced a variety of adverse effects. These are represented by certain fertility troubles as reduction of testes, epididymis and accessory sex organs weights, changes in sperm characters ( decrease of sperm count and motility ) and decrease of serum testosterone level. Moreover, the liver and kidney functions were significantly affected. Therefore, caution is required when using large doses of the drug of marbofloxacin due to its adverse effect on the sperm characters, liver and kidneys.
Marbofloxacin is a fluoroquinolones that commonly used as the antimicrobial agent against Haemophilus paragallinarum, Pasteruella species, E.coli, Salmonella species, Mycoplasma species, Staphylococus species and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae by the selective inhibition of the enzyme DNA gyrase, which is necessary for the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
Marbofloxacin is bactericidal and has excellent activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens affecting farm animals.
The studies concerning effect of marbofloxacin on male fertility are rather scarce. So, this study was designed to determine some pharmacological properties of marbofloxacin in male rats including its effect on some fertility parameters (reproductive organs weights, progressive motility and epididymal sperm count). The effects on some biochemical parameters including ALT, AST, ALP and creatinine were also investigated.
Reproductive organs weight:
Statistical analysis of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex organs weight of mature rats given marbofloxacin (7.2 or 14.4 mg/kg b.wt. i.m) for 5 consecutive days induced a significant decrease in the weights of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex organs at 2nd, 4th and 8th week of the experiment as compared with those of control.
Epididymal sperm characters:
Sperm count
Statistical analysis of the obtained data showed that there was a significant reduction in sperm cell concentration in all treated groups at 2nd, 4th and 8th week of the experiment as compared with those of control.
Sperm motility
The obtained data showed that there was a significant decrease in the progressive sperm motility % in all treated groups at 2nd, 4th and 8th week of the experiment as compared with those of control.
Serum testosterone level:
The obtained data showed that there was a significant decrease in serum testosterone level in all treated groups at 2nd, 4th and 8th week of the experiment as compared with those of control.
Serum ALT, AST, ALP and creatinine levels:
Statistical analysis of the obtained data showed that administration of marbofloxacin at both dose levels induced a significant increase in serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP and creatinine in all treated groups at 2nd, 4th and 8th week of the experiment as compared with those of control.
Histopathological results
Some histopathological changes were r