الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was done on 728 intestine and liver samples collected from 84
commercial broiler chicken farms aged from 1-11 weeks-old located at Behera,
Kafr El-Sheikh and EI-Gharbia govemorates. Anaerobic bacteriological
examination revealed isolation of 430 Clostridial isolates that identified
into;C.perfringens(54.9%),C.sporogenese(18.8%),C.sordellii(8.6%),C.tertium(15.3)
,C.bifermentans(1.9%) and C.chaeuvoei (0.5%). Out of the 236 isolated
C.perfringens; 61 isolates were toxigenic that subtyped into types A (83.6%), B
(1.6%), C (1.6%), and D (13.1 %). C.perfringens also recovered from waterers,
feeders and litter surrounding the birds with a percentage of 27.3%, 50% and
22.7%; respectively (5 isolates from them were toxigenic and of type D). The
mortality rate reached to 100% in 5 days-old broiler chicks, intramuscularly
inoculated with broth culture of C.perfringens type A, D and mixed inoculum of
type A and D. The multiplex-PCR assay could amplify c, ~ and € toxins of
C.perfringens in an arrangement identical to types A, B, C and D. These results
suggested that the multiplex-PCR as a rapid, accurate and humanitarian assay could
replace the seroneutralization methods with mice and guinea pigs in detection and
typing of toxigenic C.perfringens. In vitro sensitivity test on the toxigenic types of
C.perfringens to some antibiotics indicated that, all types were highly sensitive to
rifamycin, ceftiofure, ampicillin, amoxycillin, penicillin-G and a combination of
amoxycillin and kitamycin, while, they were resistant to streptomycin,
oxytetracyclin and erythromycin.