الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work was carried out as a trial for preparation and evaluation of an improved Foot and Mouth disease oil vaccine by using four different adjuvants which are: Montanide ISA206, QuilA saponin, Ginseng extract and Montanide IMS 3015, were used as adjuvants for FMD vaccines. These vaccines in comparing with Al(OH)3 gel vaccine were tested in calves. The results indicated that the duration of immunity elicited by gel FMD vaccine was shorter than oil adjuvanted FMD vaccines. Results also indicated that vaccine emulsified with Montanide IMS 3015 elicited the best protection immune response in calves and gave the longest lasting immunity (42 week)followed by that emulsified with Montanide ISA206 mixed with Ginseng extract (38 week) ,then that emulsified with Montanide ISA206 mixed with QuilA extract (36 week), finally vaccine emulsified with Montanide ISA206 alone (34 week).