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Abstract
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is the commenest cause of hearing difficulity affecting up to 1/3 of preschool children in world.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the frequently encountered micro-organisms in the aerodigestive tract. Although infections caused by H. pylori are this common, the exact mode of transmission has not been fully understood yet. Oral–oral, fecal–oral and gastrointestinal–oral routes are the possible modes of transmission.
It is suggested that H. pylori enters the nasopharyngeal cavity by gastroesophageal reflux and colonize in the dental plaques, adenoid tissues and tonsils. from these localizations, the bacteria ascend to the middle ear and to the paranasal sinuses directly or by the reflux again and may trigger some diseases, including otitis, sinusitis, phyrangitis, laryngitis and glossitis. But still, the exact mechanism remains unclear.
The study includes published medical articles concerning the relation between otitis media with effusion and helicobacter pylori bacteria. The search will be limited to articles published in English language on pubmed.
Our results in this meta-analytical study as demonstrated in previously mentioned forest plot showed that there is strong evidence of presence of helicobacter pylori bacteria in middle ear fluids of children of otitis media with effusion in study groups of the two randomized control articles. These results yielded by the search and analyzed by the meta-analytic software.
Finally, ther is significantly increased colonization by H pylori of the middle ear, tonsillar, and adenoid tissue in patients with OME indicates that bacteria that reached the middle ear through gastroesophageal reflux might be involved in the pathogenesis of OME.