الفهرس 
Liver anatomyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The liver is the largest internal organ. It has four lobes and is surrounded by a capsule of fibrous connective tissue. The blood vessels supplying the liver (portal vein and hepatic artery) enter at the hilum (or porta hepatis), from which the common bile duct (carrying bile secreted by the liver) and lymphatic vessels also leave. The hepatic veins follow a course independent of the portal vessels and enter the inferior vena cava. The spleen is the largest of the ductless glands situated principally in the left hypochondriac region. It lies between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm. It is highly vascular, and of a dark purplish color. The measurement of liver size in children by percussion for the upper border of hepatic dullness and percussion or palpation for the lower border of the liver is a widespread practice in a routine examination. However, its accuracy depends not only on the cooperation of the child but also on the experience of the clinician. Alterations in the size and shape of liver and spleen occur in a wide variety of conditions. Liver and spleen span can be estimated by using clinical and radiological methods. The aim of this study is:1) To determine the liver size in normal Egyptian school children, 6 to 12 years old, using both the clinical and the ultrasonographic methods so that standard measurement will be available for accurate determination of hepatomegaly. 2) Liver measurement by ultrasonography will be compared with clinical method and correlation will be done between mean liver sizes and age as well as body mass index. 3) To determine the spleen size in normal Egyptian school children, 6 to 12 years old, using the ultrasonographic methods so that standard measurement will be available for accurate determination of splenomegaly.