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Abstract
The main aim of this dissertation was the exploration of symbiotic fungi derived from
Red Sea sponges as a source of bioactive compounds. The principal goal of this work is
to isolate symbiotic fungi from different Red Sea sponges, culture them and screen their
extracts for different bioactivities.
Based on the results of primary biological screening of the extracts of the marine
sponge-derived fungi, the Penicillium species fungus was selected for further chemical
I and biological screening. Bioassay-guided purification of the active extracts of this
fungus led to isolation and identification of six alkaloids including four new f>-<:arboline
alkaloids.
The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was based on extensive
spectroscopic techniques including ID eH and l3C NMR) and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC
and HMBC) techniques and high-resolution mass spectral determination.
Finally the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antimigratory and
antiproliferation activity. Some of the compounds showed significant activity.
Key Words I Red Sea sponges, Symbiosis, Fungi, NMR, antimigratory, antiproliferation.