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Abstract
In our present study we investigated the sleep of 40 somatoform disorder (SD) patients, in comparison to 40 MDD patients, and 40 healthy controls, by means of polysomnographic recordings of their sleep after a subjective assessment using SCID1 questionnaire, taylor anxiety scale, Beck depression inventory, torronto alexithymia scale, and finally sleep questionnaire. Both groups had statistically significant higher scores on Beck depression inventory, Taylor anxiety scale, and Toronto alexithymia scale in comparison to healthy controls. SD patients had statistically significant higher scores on both Taylor anxiety scale and Toronto Alexithymia Scale, than MDD patients who, on the opposite side, scored higher on Beck depression inventory. Both MDD and SD patients had significantly increased rates of initial insomnia, middle insomnia, daytime hyper-somnolence, and nightmares, beside decreased sleep quality in comparison to controls. Also MDD patients had statistically significant increased rates of both initial and late insomnias in comparison to both controls and SD patients. Both MDD and SD patients had significantly decreased Sleep efficiency, increased sleep latency and arousal index, in comparison to healthy controls. In comparison to each others MD patients had statistically significant decreased Sleep efficiency, and increased arousal index in comparison to SD patients. Both MDD and SD patients had significantly increased Stage 1 NREM sleep, decreased Stages 3 & 4 NREM sleep and consequently decreased SWS, beside increased SWS latency in comparison to healthy
controls- 153 - Summary & Conclusion MDD patients had statistically significant increased Stages 1, 3 & 4 NREM sleep than SD patients, who showed, on the other hand, increased Stage 2 NREM sleep. As a total, SD patients had statistically significant decreased SWS (stage 3+ stage 4 NREM sleep) than MDD patients. MDD patients had statistically significant increased SWS latency than the SD patients Both MDD and SD patients had statistically significant increased REM percentage, 1st REM duration, and decreased REM latency in comparison to healthy controls. SD patients showed statistically significant increased REM percentage and 1st REM duration in comparison to MDD patients, who showed decreased REM latency than SD patients. Comparing the sleep profile of both MDD patients, and SD patients, we find that both patients’ groups had considerable complaints about sleep, which are similar to some extent, beside that also the polysomnographic changes are not too much different, especially the shortened REM latency present in both groups. Although not identical these similar changes in both disorders may suggest a common or a shared biological basis for both disorders.