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Abstract
Growth and physiological responses of peanut plants (Arachis
hypogeae cv. Giza 5 and Giza 6) to fusillade and basagran
herbicides; and SA were examined. Bleaching and growth
reduction of leaves were the most symptoms in the two
cultivars due to application of herbicides. SA application
reduced the injuries which resulted due to herbicides. Leaf
pigment contents of the two cultivars severely affected by
herbicides. With SA, the pigment contents of herbicide treated
plants were enhanced. Fusilade and basagran treatments caused
accumulation in the contents of protein, free amino acids,
proline, POD activity, while CAT activity was inhibited in both
cultivars. Activities of APX and SOD of peanut cultivars were
altred in respose to herbicides and SA treatments. APX and
SOD activities were much more in G5 than in G6. Fusilade
herbicide stimulated APX and inhibited SOD activities of the
two cultivars, while basagran stimulated activities of APX iii
SOD. Spray of SA a one day before basagran application caused
inhibition and stimulation of APX and SOD activities,
respectively. Leaves sprayed with a mixture of SA and
basagran showed increase in APX and SOD activities. Results
of H2O2 and MDA were variable with herbicides and cultivars.
With basagran treatments, the H2O2 accumulated in G6 leaves
and reduced in G5. MDA contents showed highly significant
changes due to herbicides and SA treatments. Under herbicides
effect, the change in MDA content was more obvious in G5
than G6, although, G5 control had lower contents of MDA than
in G6 control. SA application caused accumulation of MDA in
both cultivars. Phenolic compounds in both cultivars tended to
be decrease with herbicides .