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Abstract
Survey for antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical pathogenic) isolates from five laboratories of hospitals
and Central Health Laboratories of Health Ministry is important to evaluate the efficiency of the most common antibiotics described by physicians in Egypt between
15/7/2007 to 15/5/2008. A total of 210 isolates, 139 Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), 70 Gram-positive cocci and
one Candida sp. were isolated. Organisms most frequently
isolated were Escherishia coli (26.66%), Klebsiella spp.
(20.47%), Pseudomonas spp. (12.38%), Proteus spp.
(3.80%),Citrobacter spp. (0.47%) Enterobacter spp.
(0.95%), Acinetobacter spp. (0.95%) and Salmonella
typhimurium (0.47%). Also, Staph. aureus (28.09%),
enterococci (2.85%), -hemolytic streptococci (0.95%),
pneumococci (0.47%), Staph. epidermidis (0.47%) and -
hemolytic streptococci (0.47%) were isolated. Specimen
sources include urine (42.85%), sputum (17.61%), wound
(14.76%) blood (6.19%), pus (4.76%), aspirate tube
(4.28%), endotracheal tube (ETT) (2.38%), catheter
v
(1.90%), throat swab (1.42%) and bile (0.95%). Fifteen
antibiotics were tested in this study. Rate of resistance to
12 out of 15 tested antibiotic increased during the three
periods of collection. Imipenem was the most efficient
antibiotic tested against the bacterial species. Cumulative
susceptibility (percent) data for all clinical isolates, were
as follows: Imipenem (64.28) > levofloxacin (53.80) >
ciprofloxacin (45.71) = amikacin (45.23) > gentamicin
(40.95) ofloxacin (40.00) > azithromycin (30.47) >
colistin (26.66) > chloramphenicol (22.85) >
clarithromycin (20.00) > vancomycin (19.04) >
amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (15.23) > clindamycin
(10.47) > cefuroxime (9.04) > ceftazidime (8.09).
Multidrug resistance (MDR) had been recorded for all the
test clinical isolates with variable percentage.